Levels of PCDDs and PCDFs in adipose tissue of occupationally exposed workers

Beck, H.; Eckart, Klaus; Mathar, W.; Wittkowski, R.

doi:10.1016/0045-6535(89)90161-6

Cited by 73 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In TableS, the results of the analysis of20 samples of human adipose tissue (males, mean age, 50 years) have been summarized (22). For TEqs, a range of 18-122 pg/g, with a mean of 56 pg/g fat was found.…”

Section: Adipose Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

PCDD and PCDF exposure and levels in humans in Germany.

Beck

Droß

Mathar

1994

Environ Health Perspect

118

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For nonoccupationally exposed persons, the daily intake via food consumption has been calculated to be 0.35 pg/kg body weight per day for 2,3,7,-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and 2.3 pg/kg body weight per day for TCDD equivalents (TEqs). As compared to food, other sources and pathways are of minor importance. Food of animal origin contributes most, although human exposure begins with atmospheric emissions depositing these compounds on plant surfaces. In the meantime, a possible additional body burden from cardboard containers for cow's milk and coffee filters has been practically excluded. Ofthe 210 existing PCDDs and PCDFs, only 15 2,37,8-substituted isomers with a characteristic congener pattern can be found in samples of human origin. In adipose tissue and milk samples, mean levels for 2,3,7,8-TCDD of 7.2 and 3.6 pg/g fat, respectively, and of 56 (range 18-122) and 30 (range 10-72) pg TEqs/g fat, respectively, were determined. Human data revealed a dependency of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/PCDF) levels on age. In human milk, levels became reduced with the number of children born to mothers and duration of breast-feeding period. The average daily intake for a breast-fed child has been calculated to be 17 pg 2,3,7,8-TCDD/kg body weight per day and 142 pg TEqs/kg body weight per day, respectively. Levels in adipose tissue of infants, even ifbreast fed, were distinctly lowercompared to human milk. In human milk, adipose tissue, and whole blood, PCDD/PCDF concentrations have been found to be equal on a fat-weight basis. Liver fat accumulated PCDD/PCDF with an alteration in the congener distribution pattern, whereas brain, even on afat-weight basis, showed the lowest concentrations. Elevated or even high levels were found in occupationally exposed persons working in special chemical plants or involved in specific processes. There are limited data suggesting slightly elevated PCDD/PCDF levels are due to longterm consumption ofa large share of food produced near point sources with a heavy emission or ingestion ofsoil or dust from such areas.

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Section: Adipose Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

PCDD and PCDF exposure and levels in humans in Germany.

Beck

Droß

Mathar

1994

Environ Health Perspect

118

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“…The results of our study are consistent with other studies of persons with high environmental or occupational exposure especially considering our long relative interval between last exposure and blood draw. The back-extrapolated levels of serum dioxins to last date of workplace exposure indicate that workers in this study have levels that were in the range of other chlorophenol workers (Beck et al, 1989b;Sweeney et al, 1990;Ott et al, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Chloracne has been shown to result after high dioxin exposure (Beck et al, 1989a;Mocarelli et al, 1991;Ott et al, 1993). We found that a history of chloracne was not useful for estimating serum dioxin levels when exposure estimates for the dioxins and furans are taken into account.…”

Section: Congeners In Pptmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…However, exposed workers with a history of chloracne did have higher serum levels of dioxin and furans on average than did workers without a history of chloracne. Workers with a history of chloracne from mostly TCP exposures have high serum 2,3,7,8-TCDD and 1,2,3,7,8-Penta-CDD levels and workers with a history of chloracne mostly from PCP exposure had high serum levels from the higher chlorinated dioxins and furans relative to chlorophenol workers who did not develop chloracne (Beck et al, 1989b). Thus, a history of chloracne is a useful predictor of high dioxin or furan exposures.…”

Section: Congeners In Pptmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Serum evaluations of persons with high dioxin exposures have been useful in estimating past exposures for health studies (Beck et al, 1989b;Sweeney et al, 1990;Neuberger et al, 1991;Ott et al, 1993;Flesch-Janys et al, 1995;Heederik et al, 1998;Coenraads et al, 1999). Many studies have shown that high serum dioxin levels can be measured many years after exposure and that workers with a history of chloracne, a skin condition associated with high dioxin exposure, typically have the highest dioxin body levels (Mocarelli et al, 1991;Coenraads et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum dioxin levels in former chlorophenol workers

Collins

Budinsky

Burns

et al. 2005

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, we measured lipid-adjusted serum levels for all 2,3,7,8-substituted dioxins and furans, and four coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls in 62 workers with chlorophenol exposure and 36 workers without chlorophenol exposures working at the same plant during the same time. We oversampled among workers diagnosed with chloracne. Mean dioxin background levels from 36 nonchlorophenol workers were estimated as 6.0 parts-per-trillion (ppt) for 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) and 67.5 ppt for 1,2,3,4,6,7,8 heptachlorodibenzo-pdioxin (Hepta-CDD). We found different dioxin and furan profiles for trichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol (PCP) workers. Among trichlorophenol workers with chloracne, we found 2,3,7,8-TCDD (mean ¼ 30.5 ppt) above background levels and among PCP workers with chloracne, we found high levels of Hepta-CDD (mean ¼ 312.5 ppt) and other higher chlorinated dioxins and furans. Cumulative exposure estimates for dioxins for both 2,3,7,8-TCDD and the higher chlorinated dioxins created in the early 1980s for our epidemiology studies were highly correlated with serum dioxin levels when age and body mass index were taken into account. While workers previously diagnosed with chloracne had high serum dioxin levels, some workers without diagnosed chloracne also had high levels. Among tradesworkers with plant-wide responsibilities, we observed serum dioxins and PCB levels higher than background indicating workplace exposures. We estimate that the mean level of 2,3,7,8-TCDD present in the serum of workers on the date workplace exposure terminated was 267 ppt (ranging from 8 to 1184 ppt) assuming a 9-year half-life, 582 ppt (ranging from 10 to 2,641 ppt) assuming a 7-year halflife, and 1928 ppt (ranging from 22 to 17,847) when a toxicokinetic model is used. We conclude that our findings are consistent with other studies reporting high serum dioxin levels among chlorophenol workers after occupational exposures.

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2,3,7,8‐Tetrachlordibenzo‐p‐dioxin [MAK Value Documentation in German language, 1999]

2012

The MAK‐Collection for Occupational Health and Safety

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Veröffentlicht in der Reihe Gesundheitsschädliche Arbeitsstoffe , 28. Lieferung, Ausgabe 1999 Der Artikel enthält folgende Kapitel: Wirkungsmechanismus Molekulare und biochemische Effekte Effekte auf Organsysteme Toxikokinetik und Metabolismus Erfahrungen beim Menschen Hintergrundbelastung Allergene Wirkung Wiederholte Exposition Reproduktionstoxizität Kanzerogenität Bewertung

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Levels of PCDDs and PCDFs in adipose tissue of occupationally exposed workers

Cited by 73 publications

References 18 publications

PCDD and PCDF exposure and levels in humans in Germany.

PCDD and PCDF exposure and levels in humans in Germany.

Serum dioxin levels in former chlorophenol workers

2,3,7,8‐Tetrachlordibenzo‐p‐dioxin [MAK Value Documentation in German language, 1999]

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