Levels of Cholesteryl Esters and Other Lipids in the Plasma of Patients with End-Stage Renal Failure

Abstract

Background:The importance of plasma lipid abnormalities in chronic renal failure (CRF) is well recognized, but surprisingly little attention has been given to the study of some plasma lipid fractions, including cholesteryl esters (CE) and phospholipids, which might be expected to be important factors in the pathogenesis of the disease. Materials and Methods: Fasting blood samples were taken from 25 control subjects and 53 CRF patients (29 predialysis and 24 on hemodialysis). Samples were analyzed for urea nitrogen, creatinine, triacylglycerols, total and individual phospholipids, total and free cholesterol, as well as cholesterol bound to very low-, low-and high-density lipoproteins (VLDL, LDL and HDL). Plasma CE was calculated and expressed as a percentage of total cholesterol. Results: Over half of the patients had CE levels more than two standard deviations below the control value. In this subgroup of low CE patients, total, LDL-and HDL-cholesterol levels were also significantly lower than for controls, while levels of phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine were decreased and increased, respectively. In patients with high CE, no significant lipid abnormalities were observed. Conclusion: In this study, CE was an excellent marker for lipid disturbances-if CE was high, then the other lipid fractions were normal, but if CE was low, most other lipid fractions were abnormal. The changes noted appear to be consequences of or related to deficiency of the plasma enzyme lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase. Ann Saudi Med 2001;21(5-6):283-286.

Fasting Serum Lipid and Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate as Important Metabolites for Detecting Isolated Postchallenge Diabetes: Serum Metabolomics via Ultra-High-Performance LC-MS

“…Our research showed that 3 lysoPC species are downregulated in the IPD and T2DM groups, possibly owing to low activity of phospholipase A2, which catalyzes PC hydrolysis to lysoPC. Alternatively, these changes are related to deficiency of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (27 ). Consistent with our findings, recent studies have shown that decreased concentrations of lysoPC(18:2) are associated with increased risk of T2DM (12,19 ).…”

Estimation of plasma very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels in uremia

“…1, but the increase was not significant. All of these changes are consistent with those previously reported from this laboratory, 15,16 but not necessarily with those reported in other studies. [11][12][13][14][17][18][19][20] Clearly, further studies on the significance, in uremia, of changes in the cholesterol content of all lipoprotein classes, including VLDL, are needed in order to understand the risks of vascular disease and other potential problems in such patients.…”

Serum metabonomics study of chronic renal failure by ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with Q-TOF mass spectrometry

“…Our results show that lysophosphatidylcholine is obviously decreased in CRF patients, and the reason is not clear. It could be presumed that the toxins in the body inhibits the activity of phospholipase A2 and make the decrease of LPC generation; or, the changes noted appear to be consequences of or related to deficiency of the serum enzyme lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (Gillett et al 2001). However, lysophosphatidylcholine can mediate many cell signaling in monocytes/macrophages (Duong et al 2004) and specific receptors (Oestvang and Johansen 2006), so that it participates in inflammatory response.…”