Levels of Anxiety and Depression in Second Year Medical Students During Covid-19 Pandemic Spring Lockdown in Skopje, North Macedonia

Mancevska, Sanja; Gligoroska, Jasmina Pluncević; Veličkovska, Lence A.

doi:10.46733/pesh20920085m

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…A similar study found that female medical students showed higher stress levels compared to their male counterparts [30].…”

Section: Impact Of Stress On Women's Health During the Covid-19 Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 72%

Pandemic-Induced Stress Escalation Among Women in North Macedonia

Ilieva,

Poposka,

Iliev

et al. 2023

JMS

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The COVID-19 pandemic, officially declared by the World Health Organization on 11/03/2020, when the SARS-CoV-2 virus had spread to 114 countries with >118,000 cases, prompted significant changes in daily life and potentially increased stress levels.This study aimed to investigate the difference in stress levels among women in North Macedonia, both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire, which incorporated the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) to assess stress levels pre-and mid-pandemic. More than 500 women aged 18 to 45, who sought examinations at the University Clinic for Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Skopje, North Macedonia, from March 2022 to March 2023, were invited to participate; 206 women accepted the invitation.The findings indicated that the participants' stress level scores were significantly higher post-March 2020 compared to pre-March 2020 (Z = 8.13, p < 0.001).These results suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic has substantially affected the stress levels experienced by women in North Macedonia. This is aligned with previous studies indicating increased stress levels during the pandemic, primarily attributed to health concerns, financial difficulties, and social isolation.This study provides substantial evidence of the significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on women's stress levels in North Macedonia. Future research should focus on identifying factors contributing to heightened stress levels among women during the pandemic. This will help formulate effective interventions to counteract the negative impact of the pandemic on this population's mental health.

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“…A similar study found that female medical students showed higher stress levels compared to their male counterparts [30].…”

Section: Impact Of Stress On Women's Health During the Covid-19 Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 72%

Pandemic-Induced Stress Escalation Among Women in North Macedonia

Ilieva,

Poposka,

Iliev

et al. 2023

JMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, while studies have been conducted on mental health across the lifespan of individuals and the associated risk factors, much of this research is skewed towards Western high-income countries [11,12]. While the COVID-19 pandemic has led to an impetus on publications that investigate the effects of the pandemic on a number of particularly affected groups, such as healthcare workers [13] and students [14], little information so far is available on adolescents and their caregivers from Balkan countries.…”

Section: Depression and Anxiety In Adolescents And Their Caregivers: ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The survey was provided in the Macedonian, Albanian, and Turkish languages. Data was collected through a nationally representative sample of primary (covering ages [12][13][14] and secondary schools (covering ages [15][16][17][18], and by extension of adolescent-caregiver dyads with different socioeconomic backgrounds. Within the selected schools, sampling occurred at the classroom level.…”

Section: Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression and Anxiety in Adolescents and their Caregivers: A Cross-Sectional Study from North Macedonia

Bajraktarov

Kunovski

Raleva

et al. 2023

Prilozi

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Introduction: Mental health problems have increased internationally during the COVID-19 pandemic. Adolescents and their caregivers form a vulnerable group for the development of mental health problems. However, most data stems from high-income countries, and there is a clear lack of prevalence rates and potential risk factors from Balkan countries. No data is available on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in adolescents and their caregivers in North Macedonia. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on adolescents and their caregivers in a school setting in rural and urban areas of North Macedonia. Survey items assessed symptoms of depression, anxiety, and respondents’ fear of COVID-19, as well as a number of risk factors, such as gender and living environment. Results: 506 adolescents and 492 caregivers completed the survey. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were mild to moderate in adolescents and their caregivers. Women and girls generally scored higher than men and boys, and adolescents in high school scored higher than those in elementary school. Prevalence rates for depression were 29.2% for adolescents and 10.4% for caregivers, while rates of anxiety were 23.7% for adolescents and 6.1% for caregivers. Conclusion: This study provides a first insight into the mental health of adolescents and their caregivers after the COVID-19 pandemic in North Macedonia. Further research is required to investigate the relatively low rates of caregivers’ mental health problems compared to data from other countries.

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“…This triggered immediate, forced, prolonged and ongoing shift in medical students' lives and their learning strategies and techniques towards excessive sedentary behaviors and decreased levels of physical activity, while academic challenges of the curricula did not change. During the early stage of the pandemic, several studies from different parts of the world (Europe, USA, Asia) reported a very high prevalence of anxiety (over 60%), and depression (over 40%) in undergraduate medical students [8][9][10]. Guo et al, 2021, also reported the highest stress (66.1%) in second-through fourth-year medical students.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of COVID-19 related stressors on mental health in junior medical students

Manchevska

Pluncevic

2021

AMJ

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Introduction: Concern for mental health consequences in general population worldwide has been apparent since the start of the actual pandemic.Aim of the study was to assess the impact of COVID-19 related stressors on mental health in junior medical students during December 2020 COVID-19 related lockdown.Material and methods: The investigation included 275 second-year medical students aged 19-28 years, from the Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje during December 2020. Self-administered questionnaire containing standardized instruments for assessment of parameters of psychological distress (BAI, BDI and PSS) were used. COVID-19 related attitudes questionnaire for assessment of status of COVID-19 testing and infection, self-perceived levels of concerns related to academics [COVID-19-AA (academic apprehensions)] and those related to the self and family/friends [COVID-19-GA (general apprehensions)] were included.Results: The prevalence of anxiety, depression and stress was 74.9%, 43.3% and 78.9%, respectively. Almost 29% of students reported high anxiety, 6.2% had severe depression and 21.45% reported high levels of perceived stress. There was a significant positive correlation between COVID-19 GA score and BAI, BDI и PSS scores (p<0.05). Correlations between the COVID-19 AA scores and scores on BAI, BDI and PSS scales were also statistically significant (p=0.0000). Academic apprehension was found a predictive factor for high anxiety, depression and high stress (R 2 = .12, F (1,273) = 38.79, p < .001. β = 1.12, p < .001).Conclusion: General and academic apprehension related to COVID-19 have negative effects on mental wellbeing in second year medical students.

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Levels of Anxiety and Depression in Second Year Medical Students During Covid-19 Pandemic Spring Lockdown in Skopje, North Macedonia

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Pandemic-Induced Stress Escalation Among Women in North Macedonia

Pandemic-Induced Stress Escalation Among Women in North Macedonia

Depression and Anxiety in Adolescents and their Caregivers: A Cross-Sectional Study from North Macedonia

Impact of COVID-19 related stressors on mental health in junior medical students

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