Levels of antioxidants and nutraceuticals in basil grown in hydroponics and soil

Sgherri, Cristina; Cecconami, Silvia; Pinzino, Calogero; Navari-Izzo, F.; Izzo, Riccardo

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.04.058

Cited by 111 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The high levels of RA detected in our study (approximately, from 4 to 60 mg g -1 DW), were within those reported in the literature for Sweet basil tissues, which range from less than 0.1 mg g -1 DW [17,20] to nearly 100 mg g -1 DW [4]. This big variability is probably a consequence of differences of plant genotype, growing conditions as well as of the method used for the quantification.…”

Section: Cads Quantificationsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Different basil species were found to accumulate larger quantities of RA in cell, callus, hairy roots and shoot cultures than in vivo [16][17][18][19]. The total phenolic and RA levels were higher in sweet basil grown hydroponically than in soil-grown plants [20] Compared to in vitro culture, hydroponics offers the advantages of a higher rate of biomass production per unit area and less expensive growing structures [21,22], although the production cost per unit weight of the metabolites of interest is not necessarily lower in vivo than in vitro [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Rosmarinic acid content in basil plants grown in vitro and in hydroponics

et al. 2011

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The accumulation of selected caffeic acid derivatives (CADs), in particular rosmarinic acid (RA), was investigated in different tissues (leaves, roots and plantlet shoots) of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) plants grown either in vitro or in hydroponic culture (floating system) under greenhouse conditions. Two cultivars with green leaves (Genovese and Superbo) and one with purple leaves (Dark Opal) were tested. The content of CADs in HCl-methanol extracts was determined by HPLC. LC-MS and LC-MS-MS were used to confirm the identification of the metabolites of interest. Apart from rosmarinic acid (RA) and a methylated form of this substance, no other CADs were detected at significant level in any of the analyzed samples. The content of RA ranged approximately from 4 to 63 mg/g DW, depending on the growing system. The highest RA content was found during the in vitro multiplication, in the acclimatized plants and in the roots of hydroponically-grown seedlings at full bloom. In vitro, 6-benzyladenine reduced the accumulation of RA in purple-leaf Dark Opal cultivar, but an opposite effect of this growth regulator was observed in the green-leaf genotypes. Our findings suggest the possibility to scale-up RA production by means of in vitro or hydroponic culture of sweet basil.

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Section: Cads Quantificationsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Rosmarinic acid content in basil plants grown in vitro and in hydroponics

et al. 2011

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“…Thus, enhanced amounts of the biologically active reduced form of antioxidants can be indicative of an increased antioxidant capacity, i.e. the healthy properties of basil leaves extracts (Sgherri et al, 2010). Interaction between variety and nutrient solution on yield showed that the highest yield was obtained in purple and sweet variety when they were grown in nutrient solution 4 (NH 4 + :0/NO 3 :5) and the lowest value were related to sweet variety with nutrient solution 2 (NH 4 + :1/NO 3 :4) (figure 7).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different species of basil need different ammonium to nitrate ratio in hydroponics' system

Saadatian

Ramezani-Kharazi

2015

AAS

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Basil is a very important medicinal plant and culinary spice, and is marketed fresh, dried or frozen. In crop nutrition, nitrogen is essential for plant growth and as a macro-element, is part of the proteins' structure and participates in the metabolic processes involved in the synthesis and energy transfer. It has been shown that a balance between ammonium and nitrate favors plant growth and that the degree of benefit varies among crops. This study was conducted to evaluate the growth of two varieties of basil in function of four nutrient solutions containing different NH 4 + /NO 3 -ratios. Results showed that different variety response differently to nutrient solution. Although the highest yield in both varieties (sweet and purple) was obtained when fed by nutrient solution without ammonium but their response on quality indices were different due to nitrate ammonium ratio in nutrient solutions. The highest total phenol content of sweet and purple basil was 92 and 100 mg gallic acid equivalent per gram of dry weight respectively, while the highest antioxidant capacity was obtained in purple variety grown in nutrient solution 2 (NH 4 + :1/NO 3 :4) and the lowest value were related to sweet variety with the same nutrient solution. Moderate content of total nitrogen can be suitable for sweet variety while for purple variety nutrient solution with low amount of ammonium can be more suitable. Bazilika je zelo pomembna zdravilna rastlina in začimba, ki se prodaja sveža, suha ali zmrznjena. V prehrani rastlin je dušik esencialni makroelement, potreben za rast, sintezo beljakovin, druge presnovne procese in pretvorbo energije. Znano je, da ravnovesje med amonijsko in nitratno obliko dušika izboljšuje rast in, da se njuno ugodno razmerje spreminja glede na posamezne rastline. V raziskavi smo ovrednotili rast dveh biotipov širokolistne bazilike (zeleno-in vijoličnolistno) v štirih hranilnih raztopinah, ki so vsebovale različna razmerja NH 4 + /NO 3 -. Rezultati so pokazali različen odziv obeh biotipov na razmerja hranil v raztopinah. Čeprav je bil pridelek obeh (zelene in vijolične) največji v hranilni raztopini z amonijsko obliko dušika, so kvalitetni kazalci variirali glede na razmerja nitrata in amonija. Največja vsebnost celokupnih fenolov v zeleni in vijolični baziliki je bila 92 in 100 mg ekvivalenta galne kisline na gram suhe mase, vendar je bila največja antioksidativna sposobnost dosežena pri vijolični baziliki, ki je rastla v hranilni raztopini 2 (NH 4 + :1/NO 3 :4) in najmanjša vrednost pri zeleni baziliki, ki je uspevala v isti hranilni raztopini. Zmerna vsebnost celokupnega dušika je primerna za gojenje zelene širokolistne bazilike, medtem ko je za gojenje vijolične primernejša hranilna raztopina z manjšo vsebnostjo amonija.

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“…ascorbic acid in the biologically active role as an antioxidant. Soilless systems optimize growing conditions, therefore, soilless grown plants are less likely to undergo oxidative stress endured by environmental causes [33]. Ascorbic acid and Berries α-tocopherol work together for antioxidant protection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient Analysis of Soil and Soilless Strawberries and Raspberries Grown in a Greenhouse

Treftz

Omaye²

2015

FNS

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Soilless (hydroponic) vegetables and fruits grown in greenhouses are gaining popularity and potentially represent a compliment toward sustainable food sources. Only a few studies have looked at the nutrient quality of strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa) and raspberries (Rubus idaeus) grown in soilless systems. Dry weights, content of ascorbic acid, tocopherol, total polyphenolic compounds, glucose, fructose, and soluble solids (BRIX) of strawberries and raspberries grown in soilless systems were compared to their counterpart grown in soil. There was no change in dry weights but BRIX values (28% -31%), glucose (158% -175%), and fructose (75% -102%) content for strawberries and raspberries respectively were significantly higher for the soil grown berries compared to soilless grown berries. Contents of ascorbic acid, tocopherol and total polyphenolic compounds were significantly higher in soilless grown strawberries compared to soil grown strawberries by 74%, 53%, and 22% respectively, and contents of ascorbic acid and total polyphenolic compounds were significantly higher in soil grown raspberries by 83% and 67% respectively compared to soilless grown raspberries. Soilless grown produce warrants future research to strive toward the potential to provide nutrient dense crops and opportunities toward optimized sustainable production.

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Levels of antioxidants and nutraceuticals in basil grown in hydroponics and soil

Cited by 111 publications

References 23 publications

Rosmarinic acid content in basil plants grown in vitro and in hydroponics

Rosmarinic acid content in basil plants grown in vitro and in hydroponics

Different species of basil need different ammonium to nitrate ratio in hydroponics' system

Nutrient Analysis of Soil and Soilless Strawberries and Raspberries Grown in a Greenhouse

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