Levels, Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Organochlorine Pesticides in Agricultural Soils from the Pearl River Delta of China

Yao, Siyu; Huang, Jiahui; Zhou, Haoming; Cao, Cuiting; Ai, Tao; Xing, Huanhuan; Sun, Jianteng

doi:10.3390/ijerph192013171

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Moreover, degradation of PAHs becomes enhanced under high temperature and strong sunlight during summer. In the PRD, the erosion of soil by rain will accelerate the migration and transformation of PAHs in soil [ 24 ], resulting in a high degree of soil weathering and leaching and increased soil microbial activity, thus accelerating the degradation of PAHs. However, in this study we did not investigate seasons as an influencing factor, which will be investigated in the future.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the increase of molecular weight, their volatility gradually decreases, and their existing form gradually changes from gaseous to granular state. Low molecular weight PAHs are easy to be volatilized and photolysis to atmospheric environment, while high molecular weight PAHs with higher K ow tend to be distributed on soil particles [ 24 ]. It also explains why PAHs are enriched at the bottom of the soil.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Pollution Characteristics in Agricultural Soils of the Pearl River Delta Region, China

Cai

Yao

Huang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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In order to investigate the pollution status of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the agricultural soil, 240 agricultural soil topsoil samples were collected from nine Pearl River Delta cities from June to September 2019. In addition, 72 samples were collected for vertical soil profiles, which soil profiles were excavated to a depth of 80 cm. After sample preparation, GC-MS was used for the separation of compounds on a HP-5MS quartz capillary column. ArcGIS software was used to map the spatial distribution. Health risk assessment was conducted using USEPA standard. The results showed that the total concentration of 16 PAHs ranged from 43.4 to 5630 ng/g, with an average of 219 ng/g. The spatial distribution showed that most of the seriously polluted areas were in the coastal area, near the port, and there was point source pollution in the Gaoming of Foshan. Vertically distributed display Zhuhai, Jiangmen, Zhaoqing, Shenzhen and Dongguan increased and then decreased from bottom to bottom, showing a low-high-low pattern, the concentration of PAHs in Zhongshan and Foshan decreased with the soil depth, while the concentration of PAHs in Guangzhou and Huizhou was enriched with human activities. The PAHs components in soil samples were mainly medium and high rings (4–6 rings). The analysis of the origin of PAH in soil samples showed that the mixture of incomplete combustion sources of fossil fuels such as coal and biomass and traffic emission sources were the main sources of soil PAHs. A small amount can be attributed to oil sources such as oil spills. The human health risk assessment showed no cancer risk for children, while for adults, may cause a potential risk of cancer, which needs to be noticed. Spearman correlation analysis showed that PAH content was significantly correlated with SOC (p < 0.01) and pH (p < 0.05). Port transport, road emissions and industrial production make the area a pollution hot topic, and supervision should be strengthened to protect the environment and food safety.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Pollution Characteristics in Agricultural Soils of the Pearl River Delta Region, China

Cai

Yao

Huang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…For example, Tang et al (2020) found high DDT concentrations (average of 4.03 ng/g) in sediments of a particular region of the Pearl River Estuary (i.e., Humen outlet), representing a medium ecological risk. Moreover, a quite recent publication from Yao et al (2022) detected high concentrations of total OCPs (average of 65.5 ng/g) in soils of the PRD. Among them, DDTs accounted for the largest share with an average concentration of 34.2 ng/g followed by HCHs (4.52 ng/g).…”

Section: Highlightsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Quantification of insecticides in commercial seafood sold in East Asian markets: risk assessment for consumers

Ivorra

Cardoso

Chan

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The extraction of 21 insecticides and 5 metabolites was performed using an optimized and validated QuEChERS protocol that was further used for the quantification (GC–MS/MS) in several seafood matrices (crustaceans, bivalves, and fish-mudskippers). Seven species, acquired from Hong Kong and Macao wet markets (a region so far poorly monitored), were selected based on their commercial importance in the Indo-Pacific region, market abundance, and affordable price. Among them, mussels from Hong Kong, together with mudskippers from Macao, presented the highest insecticide concentrations (median values of 30.33 and 23.90 ng/g WW, respectively). Residual levels of fenobucarb, DDTs, HCHs, and heptachlors were above the established threshold (10 ng/g WW) for human consumption according to the European and Chinese legislations: for example, in fish-mudskippers, DDTs, fenobucarb, and heptachlors (5-, 20- and tenfold, respectively), and in bivalves, HCHs (fourfold) had higher levels than the threshold. Risk assessment revealed potential human health effects (e.g., neurotoxicity), especially through fish and bivalve consumption (non-carcinogenic risk; ΣHQLT > 1), and a potential concern of lifetime cancer risk development through the consumption of fish, bivalves, and crustaceans collected from these markets (carcinogenic risk; ΣTCR > 10–4). Since these results indicate polluted regions, where the seafood is collected/produced, a strict monitoring framework should be implemented in those areas to improve food quality and safety of seafood products. Graphical Abstract

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“…Currently, HCHs residues can still be detected in soil in many areas of China. Yao et al found agricultural soil contaminated with OCPs, such as HCH, in the Pearl River Delta [4]. Liu et al found residues of HCHs and DDT in the sediment analysis of Xinhe and coastal wetlands in Yongding, with ecological risk assessments showing high risks [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Degradation of OCPs Contaminated Soil by the BC/nZVI Combined with Indigenous Microorganisms

Zhang

Wan

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were typical persistent organic pollutants that posed great hazards and high risks in soil. In this study, a peanut shell biochar-loaded nano zero-valent iron (BC/nZVI) material was prepared in combination with soil indigenous microorganisms to enhance the degradation of α-hexachlorocyclohexane(α-HCH) and γ-hexachlorocyclohexane(γ-HCH) in water and soil. The effects of BC/nZVI on indigenous microorganisms in soil were investigated based on the changes in redox potential and dehydrogenase activity in the soil. The results showed as follows: (1) The specific surface area of peanut shell biochar loaded with nano-zero-valent iron was large, and the nano-zero-valent iron particles were evenly distributed on the peanut shell biochar; (2) peanut shell BC/nZVI had a good degradation effect on α-HCH and γ-HCH in water, with degradation rates of 64.18% for α-HCH and 91.87% for γ-HCH in 24 h; (3) peanut shell BC/nZVI also had a good degradation effect on α-HCH and γ-HCH in soil, and the degradation rates of α-HCH and γ-HCH in the 1% BC/nZVI reached 55.2% and 85.4%, second only to 1% zero-valent iron. The degradation rate was the fastest from 0 to 7 days, while the soil oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) increased sharply. (4) The addition of BC/nZVI to the soil resulted in a significant increase in dehydrogenase activity, which further promoted the degradation of HCHs; the amount of HCHs degradation was significantly negatively correlated with dehydrogenase activity. This study provides a remediation strategy for HCH-contaminated sites, reducing the human health risk of HCHs in the soil while helping to improve the soil and increase the activity of soil microorganisms.

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Levels, Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Organochlorine Pesticides in Agricultural Soils from the Pearl River Delta of China

Cited by 19 publications

References 45 publications

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Pollution Characteristics in Agricultural Soils of the Pearl River Delta Region, China

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Pollution Characteristics in Agricultural Soils of the Pearl River Delta Region, China

Quantification of insecticides in commercial seafood sold in East Asian markets: risk assessment for consumers

Analysis of the Degradation of OCPs Contaminated Soil by the BC/nZVI Combined with Indigenous Microorganisms

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