Levels and trend of HIV prevalence among pregnant women in Tamil Nadu: Analysis of data from HIV sentinel surveillance (2003–2019)

New, Emerging, Re-Emerging Tropical Infectious and Non-Communicable Diseases Persistent to the Climate, Landscape, and Environmental Changes on the Grounds of the Urbanizations, Industrializations, and Globalisation

“…In India, the spatial distribution pattern of STD, HIV/AIDS are highly associated with metropolitans, industrial estates, distribution of goods and truck / lorry transport services, and trade and market networks, and the increase of production demand on mobile phone networks among the urban settings [27]. The adult prevalence of HIV/AIDS was identified in Chennai city in Tamil Nadu, and the burden of whole state is 7% of the nation, over the period of 2 decades, and the spatial-temporal trends of the infection found constant in the western districts where the industrial growth, trade and commerce, urban agglomerations are growing rapidly and steadily [28]. The overcrowded urban agglomeration due to the huge population movements towards the industrial growth and development sites have been brought the flourishing economic development as well urbanization, have led to lifestyle changes, on the other hand, it has a pressure on migrants, superfluous economic differences, socioeconomic inequality, and the metropolis society imbalance has a disquiet on the nuclear family, day today life style, standard of living, diminishing learning capacity, and the level of education squalid to behavioural changes accumulate impact on the deteriorated environment of the individual lead to serious mental illness, consequently, diverted to unhealthy diets and lack of physical activity causes obesity and overweight [2,21], particularly, affects the young children <15 years, and 0.8 million people die by suicide every year due to mental melancholy, predominantly, in the age group of 15-29 years [21,29].…”