Levels and correlates of 24-hour movement behaviors among South Koreans: Results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 2014 and 2015

Abstract

Purpose This study aimed to examine the levels and correlates of 24-h movement behaviors (i.e., physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep), and different patterns of these behaviors in a nationally representative sample of South Koreans aged 12 years and older. This study also aimed to examine the sociodemographic correlates of 24-h movement behaviors stratified by age groups. Methods Self-reported, repeated cross-sectional data from 10,708 participants in the 2014 and 2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination surveys were used. Key variables included moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity, muscular strengthening exercises, walking, active transportation, sedentary time, and sleep. Sociodemographic variables included age, sex, household income, area of residence, and education level. Descriptive statistics by sex and age as well as general linear models by age group were performed. Results The proportions of individuals meeting the moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity, muscular strengthening exercises, and sleep guidelines were, respectively, 21.6%, 22.1%, and 32.5% in male youth; 6.9%, 4.5%, and 22.8% in female youth; 55.5%, 30.8%, and 54.0% in male adults; 48.8%, 14.4%, and 57.6% in female adults; 44.0%, 30.6%, and 45.5% in male older adults; and 29.5%, 8.9%, and 37.3% in female older adults. The proportions of individuals showing the most ideal combinations of 24-h movement behaviors were only 3.2% in youth, 0.4% in adults, and 0 in older adults. Universally, older age, female sex, or living in metro Seoul were associated with unfavorable patterns of 24-h movement behaviors across different age groups. However, the associations of income and education with movement behaviors were mixed across age groups. Conclusion Overall, the proportion of South Koreans with a healthy 24-h movement behavior pattern is low. The sociodemographic correlates of different types of 24-h movement behaviors should be considered when designing targeted interventions for the promotion of healthy active living for South Koreans.

Prevalence and Selected Sociodemographic of Movement Behaviors in Schoolchildren from Low- and Middle-Income Families in Nanjing, China: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Survey

“…Compared with previous studies containing participants from high-income families [7,12], a lower level of participants who met the 24-h movement guidelines was observed. For example, an international study that included 12 nations found that 7.2% of children aged 9-11 years met the 24-h movement guideline [7], and Lee et al [12] found that 3.2% of young people in South Korea met the movement guidelines; these rates are higher than those observed in this study, which implies that schoolchildren from low-and middle-income families exhibit a concerning lack of healthy movement behaviors. There is evidence that having improved movement behaviors can lead to more desirable health outcomes [6]; thus, the promotion of healthy movement behaviors is vital.…”

“…Using the 24-h movement guidelines as a research paradigm [8,11], a number of studies have examined the rates of young people meeting the guidelines. Lee et al [12] found that only 1.6% of children and young people aged 12 to 17 years old in South Korea met the movement guidelines while an international collaborative study by Roman-Viñas et al [7] reported that only 7.2% of 9-to 11-year-old children from 12 countries met the movement guidelines. In the latter study, the rates of meeting the guidelines ranged from 14.9% (Australia) to 1.5% (China), indicating large variations between different countries or regions [7].…”

Prevalence and Correlates of Adherence to The Combined Movement Guidelines Among Czech Children and Adolescents

“…The novel nding of the present study is the association of paternal overweight and obesity with lower odds of adherence to the combined movement guidelines in children. To this date, only four studies were focused on correlates of the combined movement guidelines [20][21][22][23]. The parental weight status was analyzed only in the study by Manyanga and colleagues [20], who found no association with the adherence to the combined movement guidelines.…”

“…Despite the con rmed health bene ts associated with meeting the recommendations for PA, SB, and sleep, worldwide adherence to the combined movement guidelines is low among children and adolescents [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Unfortunately, over the last decades, scienti c evidence has documented a negative secular trend for engaging in regular PA, limiting SB, and obtaining adequate sleep [29][30][31].…”

“…Although correlates of single movement recommendation have been identi ed [2,[34][35][36][37][38], there is, to our knowledge, a lack of studies focused on identifying correlates of the combined movement guidelines. A few studies have been published recently [20][21][22][23], but they included study samples with a narrow age range, used self-reported measurements of movement behaviors, and/or had a limited number of examined correlates. Therefore, the main objectives of this study are (1) to examine the prevalence of adherence to the combined movement guidelines, and (2) to identify the correlates of such guidelines among Czech children and adolescents.…”