Level of physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular disease risk factors in a rural adult population in Sogn og Fjordane

Solbraa, Ane Kristiansen; Mamen, Asgeir; Resaland, Geir Kåre; Johannessen, Jostein Steene; Ylvisåker, Einar; Holme, Ingar; Anderssen, Sigmund Alfred

doi:10.5324/nje.v20i2.1339

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The additional sample comprised 159 (out of 262 randomly invited) subjects, aged 40–43 and 53–54 years, who were invited for a direct measurement of VO 2max and assessment of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases at one of the test centers (Solbraa et al., ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reference values for and cross‐validation of time to exhaustion on a modified Balke protocol in Norwegian men and women

Aadland¹,

Solbraa²,

Resaland³

et al. 2016

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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The aims of the present study were to provide reference values for time to exhaustion (TTE) on a modified Balke treadmill protocol, and to perform a cross-validation of TTE as a measure of maximal oxygen consumption (VO ), in Norwegian men and women 20-85 years of age. Reference values for TTE were derived from a national sample of 765 subjects. An additional sample of 119 subjects was included in the cross-validation (total n = 884), where prediction equations for VO was established. A decline in TTE was seen with increased age. Prediction of VO in an independent dataset (n = 319) resulted in a R = 0.78 and standard error of the estimate = 4.55 mL/kg/min. The observed-predicted bias was small (mean difference <1.24 mL/kg/min), whereas random error was considerable (95% limits of agreement ± 7.11-9.70 mL/kg/min) across age in both men and women. Despite limitations concerning the prediction of VO on an individual level, TTE from the Balke protocol is a good measure of aerobic fitness in adults across a range of settings, and could be evaluated according to the suggested reference values.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reference values for and cross‐validation of time to exhaustion on a modified Balke protocol in Norwegian men and women

Aadland¹,

Solbraa²,

Resaland³

et al. 2016

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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“…In the 2010 cohort, weight and height were both measured to the nearest 0.1 kg and 0.5 cm (n = 115) and self-reported (n = 333) [17]. Body composition was expressed as BMI (kg/m 2 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The participation rate ranged from 32% to 94%, with a decreasing trend from 1975 to the present [ 5 , 16 ]. The population details have been described elsewhere [ 5 , 17 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical activity and cardiovascular risk factors in a 40- to 42-year-old rural Norwegian population from 1975–2010: repeated cross-sectional surveys

et al. 2014

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BackgroundGeographical differences in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have been observed among Norwegian counties. Better long-term health status and higher physical activity (PA) levels have been documented in the county of Sogn & Fjordane compared with other counties. However, recent trends in CVD risk factors have not been documented. The aim of this study was to investigate the secular trends in leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and other CVD risk factors over a 35-year period in a rural population of 40- to 42-year-olds in western Norway and to compare these trends with national trends.MethodsData from eight cross-sectional studies from 1975–2010 (n = 375,682) were obtained from questionnaires and physical examinations and were analyzed using mixed model regression analyses.ResultsDecreasing trends were observed for sedentary behavior (for women), moderate PA, smoking, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c) and total cholesterol (TC), whereas increasing trends were observed for body mass index (BMI), triglycerides (TG), light PA, vigorous PA and sedentary behavior for men. Compared to the national trends, the trends in the 40-42-year-olds from Sogn & Fjordane were more beneficial in terms of TG, HDL-c and BMI but less beneficial in terms of SBP and DBP.ConclusionsOver a 35-year-period, this study indicates that the LTPA level has been relatively stable in the county of Sogn & Fjordane. Upward trends were observed in light and vigorous PA, whereas a downward trend was observed in moderate PA. For sedentary behavior, an upward trend was observed in men, whereas a downward trend was observed in women. For smoking, BP and cholesterol decreasing trends were found, but increasing trends were observed in BMI and TG. Compared with the national data, the trends in Sogn & Fjordane were more beneficial for TG, HDL-c and BMI but less beneficial for BP.

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“…17 , 18 , 19 , 20 In particular, for decades, the county of Sogn & Fjordane, located in the west part of Norway, has experienced one of the lowest levels of risk for myocardial infarction. 17 , 21 In addition, the county's residents have higher levels of PA 18 , 19 and longer life expectancy 20 compared with other regions in Norway, despite the fact that the built environment—where the majority of the population lives—has been particularly designed to enhance PA only to a limited degree. As of 2017, Sogn & Fjordane has a population of approximately 110,000 inhabitants, and people mainly live in small urban areas or are scattered over a wide rural area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The built environment correlates of objectively measured physical activity in Norwegian adults: A cross-sectional study

Solbraa

Anderssen

Holme

et al. 2018

Journal of Sport and Health Science

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BackgroundBuilt environments that are designed to provide accessible, attractive, and convenient locales promote regular physical activity (PA). Norway has great variability in its geographic, natural, and built environment features. Urban areas have well-developed built environment features, whereas the rural areas are less walkable and this may influence the mode of transport. In general, active transport is more common in urban centers. Further, public transportation is more developed in urban areas, whereas motorized transport may be more widespread in the rural areas. Despite this, in Sogn & Fjordane, a rural county in western Norway, high PA levels are frequently observed. Thus, the aims of this study were to (1) explore perceived built environment features and characterize their associations with objectively measured PA levels in Norwegian adults and (2) explore the differences in these correlates between Sogn & Fjordane and the rest of Norway.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, participants used questionnaires to rate perceptions of their built environments, and their PA was objectively measured for 7 consecutive days using the ActiGraph GT1M accelerometer. There were 972 Norwegian adults who were included in the study. The average age was 46.9 ± 6.5 years and 43.8% of participants were men. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression.ResultsTotal PA and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were both associated with perceived walkability, the community perception score, and active transport for commuting (all p ≤ 0.004). We also observed geographic-area-specific associations: the community perception score was negatively associated with total PA and MVPA in the rest of Norway (p ≤ 0.012) but not in Sogn & Fjordane. Public transport for commuting was positively associated with MVPA in Sogn & Fjordane (p = 0.03) but not in the rest of Norway.ConclusionTotal PA level and MVPA were associated with built environment factors, such as perceptions of community, perceived walkability, and engaging in active transport for commuting. Geographic differences in the PA correlates were observed, and thus, locally customized environmental population approaches aimed at increasing PA levels may be essential complements to individual behavior and lifestyle strategies. Further, objective measures of Norwegian built environments, such as geographic information system data, and validated walk- and bike-scores would advance the field.

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Level of physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular disease risk factors in a rural adult population in Sogn og Fjordane

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Reference values for and cross‐validation of time to exhaustion on a modified Balke protocol in Norwegian men and women

Reference values for and cross‐validation of time to exhaustion on a modified Balke protocol in Norwegian men and women

Physical activity and cardiovascular risk factors in a 40- to 42-year-old rural Norwegian population from 1975–2010: repeated cross-sectional surveys

The built environment correlates of objectively measured physical activity in Norwegian adults: A cross-sectional study

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