Level of discrimination for recognition judgments reduced following the recognition of semantically related words

Ngo, Catherine; Sargent, Jesse; Dopkins, Stephen

doi:10.1016/j.jml.2007.05.007

Cited by 4 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This is exactly the same pattern of results as obtained in our study. Ngo et al (2007) attributed these results to the potentiated familiarity. According to their hypothesis, processing related primes increased the likelihood that new words will be treated as familiar and falsely classified as old.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This is in line with previous behavioral work on the influence of semantic priming on the recognition judgments. Ngo, Sargent, and Dopkins (2007) conducted a series of experiments in which they demonstrated that semantic priming hindered correct recognition judgments to new words but had no effect on recognition judgments to old words. This is exactly the same pattern of results as obtained in our study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Separating the FN400 and N400 potentials across recognition memory experiments

2016

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There is a growing debate as to whether frontally distributed FN400 potentials reflect familiarity-based recognition or are functionally identical to centro-parietal N400 reflecting semantic processing. We conducted two experiments in which event-related potentials (ERPs) associated with semantic priming and recognition were recorded, either when priming was embedded within a recognition test (Experiment 1), or when these two phases were separated (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, we observed 300–500 ms differences between primed and unprimed old words as well as differences between old and new primed words, but these two effects did not differ topographically and both showed midline central maxima. In Experiment 2, the N400 for priming was recorded exclusively during encoding and again showed a midline central distribution. The ERP component of recognition was only found for unrelated words (not primed previously during encoding), and also showed a midline central maximum, but, in addition, was present in the left frontal area of the scalp. Conversely, the priming effect was absent in the left frontal cluster. This pattern of results indicate that FN400 and N400 potentials share similar neural generators; but when priming and recognition are not confounded, these potentials do not entirely overlap in terms of topographical distribution and presumably reflect functionally distinct processes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separating the FN400 and N400 potentials across recognition memory experiments

2016

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“…The implication of these results is that superficial priming impedes correct negative recognition responses and has no effect on positive recognition responses; in short, the implication is that superficial priming has the same effect as semantic priming in episodic recognition (recall Ngo et al, 2007). Notice, however, that the temporal interval between the presentation of the test word and the recognition response to the test word was longer in these fluency experiments than in traditional priming studies.…”

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confidence: 87%

“…Our research program seeks to learn about recognition by studying the effects of priming on recognition judgments. Pursuing this goal, Ngo, Dopkins, & Sargent (2007) explored the effect of semantic priming in episodic recognition. They found that such priming impeded correct negative episodic recognition responses but had no effect on positive recognition trials.…”

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confidence: 99%

Superficial priming in episodic recognition

Dopkins

Sargent

Ngo

2010

Journal of Memory and Language

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We explored the effect of superficial priming in episodic recognition and found it to be different from the effect of semantic priming in episodic recognition. Participants made recognition judgments to pairs of items, with each pair consisting of a prime item and a test item. Correct positive responses to the test item were impeded if the prime and test item were superficially related; this was the case when the items were words and the crucial relationship was phonological and orthographic as well as when the items were letter strings and the crucial relationship was orthographic. The results of further experiments suggested that the priming effect cannot be attributed to a process of discounting or to habituation in a familiarity assessment process.In recognizing an entity, one performs an act of classification. In episodic recognition, one classifies an entity as having been encountered previously in a particular context. In semantic recognition (often termed lexical decision), one classifies an entity simply as having been encountered previously, without regard to context. Because recognition judgments are made quickly and effortlessly, they are subject to priming effects. Such effects occur when a recognition judgment to a test item is either facilitated or impeded consequent to prior processing of a prime item. Our research program seeks to learn about recognition by studying the effects of priming on recognition judgments. Pursuing this goal, Ngo, Dopkins, & Sargent (2007) explored the effect of semantic priming in episodic recognition. They found that such priming impeded correct negative episodic recognition responses but had no effect on positive recognition trials.The present study explored the effect of superficial -that is, phonological and/or orthographic -priming in episodic recognition. The effect of this sort of priming has not previously been explored using traditional priming procedures. However, several studies of the role of processing fluency in recognition judgments have examined the situation in which participants make episodic recognition judgments to test words a short time after having read superficially

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“…The prime word and test word were either semantically related (thief/burglar) or had no obvious semantic relationship (farmer/burglar). Using this procedure, Ngo, Sargent, and Dopkins (2007) found that the false-alarm rate for the test word was higher with related than with unrelated primes. We expected to replicate this finding and that the mean of confidence ratings for test-word lures would be larger with related than with unrelated primes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Variation in the standard deviation of the lure rating distribution: Implications for estimates of recollection probability

2017

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In word recognition semantic priming of test words increased the false-alarm rate and the mean of confidence ratings to lures. Such priming also increased the standard deviation of confidence ratings to lures and the slope of the z-ROC function, suggesting that the priming increased the standard deviation of the lure evidence distribution. The Unequal Variance Signal Detection (UVSD) model interpreted the priming as increasing the standard deviation of the lure evidence distribution. Without additional parameters the Dual Process Signal Detection (DPSD) model could only accommodate the results by fitting the data for related and unrelated primes separately, interpreting the priming, implausibly, as decreasing the probability of target recollection (DPSD). With an additional parameter, for the probability of false (lure) recollection the model could fit the data for related and unrelated primes together, interpreting the priming as increasing the probability of false recollection. These results suggest that DPSD estimates of target recollection probability will decrease with increases in the lure confidence/evidence standard deviation unless a parameter is included for false recollection. Unfortunately the size of a given lure confidence/evidence standard deviation relative to other possible lure confidence/evidence standard deviations is often unspecified by context. Hence the model often has no way of estimating false recollection probability and thereby correcting its estimates of target recollection probability.

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Level of discrimination for recognition judgments reduced following the recognition of semantically related words

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Separating the FN400 and N400 potentials across recognition memory experiments

Separating the FN400 and N400 potentials across recognition memory experiments

Superficial priming in episodic recognition

Variation in the standard deviation of the lure rating distribution: Implications for estimates of recollection probability

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