Level of Alcohol Consumption and Successful Smoking Cessation

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of tobacco use and exposure to secondhand smoke among students of health professions (SHPs) and determine possible risk factors for current smoking. In addition, we sought to investigate the level of students’ knowledge regarding smoking cessation.DesignCross-sectional.SettingCentral Greece.ParticipantsA convenient sample of 822 SHP volunteers were used, composed of 365 medical students, 123 students from a biochemistry department, 71 students from a nursing department, 176 from medical laboratory department and 84 students from a veterinary medicine department.Primary and secondary outcome measuresWe investigated the prevalence of current smoking and secondhand smoke, their determinants and SHP’s knowledge and attitudes regarding smoking cessation. Univariate and logistic regression statistical analysis were used in order to identify risk factors associated with current smoking.ResultsThe prevalence of current smoking was estimated at 23.5% (95% CI 20.7% to 26.5%), while 49% of current smokers reported they wanted to quit smoking. The prevalence of current e-cigarette use was 1.2%. In addition, 96.5% (95% CI 94.9% to 97.5%) of SHP have been exposed to secondhand smoke at least 1 day per week. Logistic regression analysis showed that increasing age (p<0.001), alcohol consumption (p<0.001) and exposure to secondhand smoke in the home (p<0.001) were independent risk factors for current smoking. Notably, only 11.6% of the participants had learnt about methods to be used for smoking cessation.ConclusionsOur results underline the need for integrated tobacco control initiatives that should discourage tobacco use among SHP, promote smoke free schools of health science, and implement programs that train SHP in effective cessation-counseling techniques.

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“… 30 Alcohol consumption is negatively associated with successful smoking cessation in both community and clinical research. 31 32 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of tobacco use, exposure to secondhand smoke and knowledge on smoking cessation among students of health professions in Central Greece: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2020

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“…Moreover, even though anxiety and locomotor activity in a novel environment were found unaltered in α5SNP rats in the present study, other behavioural traits previously associated with vulnerability to drug abuse, such as novelty preference [31,50], may be altered in these rats and contribute to their initial preference for ethanol, which will need further investigation. It is well characterized that alcohol consumption is an important cause of relapse to smoking following smoking cessation [51,52]. An impact of the α5SNP on alcohol drinking may thus also partly explain the strong influence of this polymorphism on smoking dependence, in addition to its direct consequences on nicotine effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profound alteration in reward processing due to a human polymorphism in CHRNA5: a role in alcohol dependence and feeding behavior

Besson

Forget

Correia

et al. 2019

Neuropsychopharmacol.

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Human genetic variation in the nicotinic receptor gene cluster CHRNA5/A3/B4, in particular the nonsynonymous and frequent CHRNA5 variant rs16969968 (α5SNP), has an important consequence on smoking behavior in humans. A number of genetic association studies have additionally implicated the CHRNA5 gene in addictions to other drugs, and also body mass index (BMI). Here, we model the α5SNP, in a transgenic rat line, and establish its role in alcohol dependence, and feeding behavior. Rats expressing the α5SNP consume more alcohol, and exhibit increased relapse to alcohol seeking after abstinence. This high relapsing phenotype is reflected in altered activity in the insula, linked to interoception, as established using c-Fos immunostaining. Similarly, relapse to food seeking is increased in the transgenic group, while a nicotine treatment reduces relapse in both transgenic and control rats. These findings point to a general role of this human polymorphism in reward processing, and multiple addictions other than smoking. This could pave the way for the use of medication targeting the nicotinic receptor in the treatment of alcohol use and eating disorders, and comorbid conditions in smokers.

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“…If the person did not have su ciently strong willpower (which was occasionally weakened by alcohol consumption in such situations), relapse would occur. The connection between alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking has been known for a long time [60,61]. Speci cally, drinking alcohol is connected with increased nicotine dependence, less frequent undertaking of smokingcessation attempts, and a larger probability of relapse during smoking-cessation attempts [60,62,63].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reasons for and Scenarios Associated With Failure to Cease Smoking: Results From a Qualitative Study Among Smokers Who Had Unsuccessfully Attempted to Quit

Buczkowski

Dachtera-Frąckiewicz

Luszkiewicz

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Most smokers attempt to quit smoking, but few are successful. Data regarding the reasons for this relapse and the course of the relapse process may be helpful for determining efficient methods of smoking cessation. This study aimed to identify the causes of and scenarios associated with smoking relapse after effective smoking cessation. Methods: We conducted 20 semi-structured interviews with smokers who had previously unsuccessfully attempted to quit. The data underwent qualitative content analysis. Results: Three major themes were identified: Reasons for smoking relapse; Smoking relapse scenarios; and Perception of the influence of personal environments, including family and physicians, on refraining from smoking after cessation. The first theme comprised the following subthemes: insufficient willpower and self-discipline, contact with smokers, exposure to stressful situations, lack of family support, weight gain, and insufficient improvement in one’s mental and physical well-being. The second theme contained enjoyable social events, professional life, critical events, and encouragement to smoke from family members. The respondents frequently emphasized the large role of interaction with other smokers. Conclusions: The predominant factors underlying smoking relapse include insufficient willpower and self-discipline and exposure to stress. The most frequent relapse scenario concerned experiencing negative or positive emotions when interacting with other smokers.

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Level of Alcohol Consumption and Successful Smoking Cessation

Cited by 27 publications

References 26 publications

Prevalence of tobacco use, exposure to secondhand smoke and knowledge on smoking cessation among students of health professions in Central Greece: a cross-sectional study

Prevalence of tobacco use, exposure to secondhand smoke and knowledge on smoking cessation among students of health professions in Central Greece: a cross-sectional study

Profound alteration in reward processing due to a human polymorphism in CHRNA5: a role in alcohol dependence and feeding behavior

Reasons for and Scenarios Associated With Failure to Cease Smoking: Results From a Qualitative Study Among Smokers Who Had Unsuccessfully Attempted to Quit

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