Level and pattern of human rabies and dog bites in Techiman Municipality in the Middle Belt of Ghana: a six year retrospective records review

Punguyire, Damien; Osei-Tutu, Anthony; Aleser, Emmanuel Vikpenibe; Letsa, Timothy

doi:10.11604/pamj.2017.28.281.14218

Cited by 29 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Human cases of rabies were recorded in Ghana. A total of 13 individuals comprising medical doctors, a nurse, a pharmacist, a physician assistant, a veterinary doctor, and technical officers had a history of either being bitten or scratched by rabid dogs [106]. There was one individual who reported feeding on a dog that displayed rabies symptoms before its death.…”

Section: Ghanamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic Review of Important Viral Diseases in Africa in Light of the ‘One Health’ Concept

et al. 2020

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Emerging and re-emerging viral diseases are of great public health concern. The recent emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) related coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in December 2019 in China, which causes COVID-19 disease in humans, and its current spread to several countries, leading to the first pandemic in history to be caused by a coronavirus, highlights the significance of zoonotic viral diseases. Rift Valley fever, rabies, West Nile, chikungunya, dengue, yellow fever, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Ebola, and influenza viruses among many other viruses have been reported from different African countries. The paucity of information, lack of knowledge, limited resources, and climate change, coupled with cultural traditions make the African continent a hotspot for vector-borne and zoonotic viral diseases, which may spread globally. Currently, there is no information available on the status of virus diseases in Africa. This systematic review highlights the available information about viral diseases, including zoonotic and vector-borne diseases, reported in Africa. The findings will help us understand the trend of emerging and re-emerging virus diseases within the African continent. The findings recommend active surveillance of viral diseases and strict implementation of One Health measures in Africa to improve human public health and reduce the possibility of potential pandemics due to zoonotic viruses.

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Section: Ghanamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There was one individual who reported feeding on a dog that displayed rabies symptoms before its death. All the reported human cases died of the disease [106].…”

Section: Ghanamentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review of Important Viral Diseases in Africa in Light of the ‘One Health’ Concept

et al. 2020

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“…One of the most commonly reported zoonoses in dogs in Ghana is rabies, a viral disease with a high fatality rate [2]. Human infections occur primarily through dog bites.…”

Section: Zoonotic Transmissions From Companion Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animals are kept in Ghanaian homes for both personal and commercial purposes. Dogs and cats are kept for companionship, breeding purposes, and security, while ruminants and poultry are bred to supplement family income and provide food [1,2]. Globally, livestock production is increasing to meet the ever-growing demand for animal protein.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoonotic Risks from Domestic Animals in Ghana

Amissah-Reynolds

2020

IJPR

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Zoonoses are diseases or infections which are naturally transmitted from vertebrate animals to humans and vice versa. These infections account for more than half of human infections worldwide, with most cases reported in developing countries like Ghana. The Government of Ghana recently launched the “Rearing for Food and Jobs Campaign”, an initiative to bridge the glaring deficit in protein supply. This has resulted in increased livestock production nationwide in response to the increasing demand for animal protein. Increase in both human and livestock population in the country have implications for transmission of zoonotic diseases, as it allows for more frequent interactions between the two within a limited space. Multiple animals are kept in various homes at varying levels of confinement. Security concerns, particularly in urban areas, have resulted in an increased reliance on dogs, while financial considerations have mainly driven a rapid increase in livestock production both at commercial and smallholder levels. Taking into account that the pandemics in the past few decades have animal origins, this growing human-animal interconnection is of concern. Albeit an increased household-human-animal ratio, there is a paucity of epidemiological data on domestic animals in Ghana. Several zoonotic diseases have been reported in Ghana, including rabies, toxocariasis, toxoplasmosis, Q-fever, hepatitis E and brucellosis. Risk factors such as close contact with animals, poor hand hygiene, poor sanitation, and unvaccinated, free-ranging animals have been linked with zoonotic transmissions. Zoonoses have been recorded in homes, slaughterhouses, and on farms in farm workers, butchers, and vulnerable groups, including children, pregnant women, and HIV patients. A ‘One-Health’ approach, which comprises well-coordinated activities of both health and veterinary services, will facilitate timely diagnosis and effective control of zoonoses in Ghana.

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“…The disease is caused by a negative-stranded RNA “bullet” shaped member of the genus Lyssavirus, which is a member of Rhabdoviridae family. Rabies is a vaccine-preventable fatal disease which has almost a case fatality score of 100% in none vaccinated cases [1] , [2] . The current formal classification of the genus Lyssavirus no longer considers genotypes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in rabies prophylaxis and treatment with emphasis on immunoresponse mechanisms

El-Sayed

2018

International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine

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Rabies is a vaccine-preventable fatal disease in man and most mammals. Although rabies is recorded in 150 territories and is responsible for at least 60,000 human deaths every year worldwide, it is a neglected tropical problem. Most of the rabies free countries are considered to be fragile free as the disease may re-emerge easily through wild mammals. For the performance of effective rabies eradication programs, a complex set of strategies and activities is required. At the time, a joint project of WHO–OIE–FAO which was announced in 2015, plans to control animal–human–ecosystems rabies interface. For effective rabies control, prophylactic policies must be applied. These include various educational outreaches for farmers and people living in endemic areas, enforced legislation for responsible dog ownership, control programs for the free-ranging stray dog and cat populations, field large-scale vaccination campaigns, and the development of new vaccine delivery strategies for both humans and animals. The present work presents the advances in the development of new safe, effective and economic vaccines for domestic dogs, and oral vaccines for the control of the disease in wild animals. It presents also some therapeutic protocols used for the treatment of patients.

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Level and pattern of human rabies and dog bites in Techiman Municipality in the Middle Belt of Ghana: a six year retrospective records review

Cited by 29 publications

References 20 publications

Systematic Review of Important Viral Diseases in Africa in Light of the ‘One Health’ Concept

Systematic Review of Important Viral Diseases in Africa in Light of the ‘One Health’ Concept

Zoonotic Risks from Domestic Animals in Ghana

Advances in rabies prophylaxis and treatment with emphasis on immunoresponse mechanisms

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