Leukocyte subsets and neutrophil function after short-term spaceflight

Stowe, Raymond P.; Sams, Clarence F.; Mehta, Satish K.; Kaur, Indreshpal; Jones, Michael L.; Feeback, Daniel L.; Pierson, Duane L.

doi:10.1002/jlb.65.2.179

Cited by 137 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…7c). The static adhesion of PMNs to endothelial cells is enhanced before and after spaceflight in previous study (Stowe et al 1999), but the PMN recruitment occurs in blood flow and is regulated by shear stress, suggesting that the flow chamber assay could reveal more physiological information than static adhesion assay.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…The amount of PMNs is increased during spaceflight or post-flight (Stowe et al 1999;Kaur et al 2004), probably due to the enhanced PMN maturation and release from the bone marrow or the decreased PMN apoptosis. Comparing the responses of intact and DMSO-differentiated HL-60 cells under the effects of simulated microgravity, no clear evidence is found for PMN maturation between them (Figs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike other leukocytes which have been investigated extensively during spaceflight and under the effects of simulated microgravity (Sun et al 2008;Long et al 2009;Feuerecker et al 2013;Herranz et al 2013;Long 2014), only quite a few studies have been reported about the effects of microgravity on PMN responses. During spaceflight or post-flight, the amount of PMNs is 1.5-to 1.85-fold increased to supplement the innate immunity dysfunction (Stowe et al 1999;Kaur et al 2004). PMN chemotactic dose is 10-fold reduced in the optimal dose response after landing and PMN adhesion to endothelial cells is enhanced before and after spaceflight (Stowe et al 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During spaceflight or post-flight, the amount of PMNs is 1.5-to 1.85-fold increased to supplement the innate immunity dysfunction (Stowe et al 1999;Kaur et al 2004). PMN chemotactic dose is 10-fold reduced in the optimal dose response after landing and PMN adhesion to endothelial cells is enhanced before and after spaceflight (Stowe et al 1999). Parabolic flight induces an increase in PMN number and the capability of PMNs to produce hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) in response to soluble stimuli (Kaufmann et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Functions of Neutrophil-like HL-60 Cells

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2015

Microgravity Sci. Technol.

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Altered gravity, especially microgravity affects cellular functions of immune cells and can result in immune dysfunction for long-term, manned spaceflight and space exploration. The underlying mechanism, however, of sensing and responding to the gravity alteration is poorly understood. Here, a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) bioreactor was used to elucidate the effects of simulated microgravity on polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN)-like HL-60 cells. Alteration of cell morphology, up-regulation of (nitric oxide) NO production, enhancement of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) secretion, and diversity of cellular adhesion molecule expression were observed for the cells cultured in RCCS, leading to the up-regulated inflammatory immune responses and host defense. It was also indicated that such alterations in biological responses of PMNs mediated the reduced rolling velocity and decreased adhesion of PMNlike HL-60 cells on endothelial cells under shear flow. This work furthers the understandings in the effects and mechanism of microgravity on PMN functions, which are Chengzhi Wang and Ning Li, both authors contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Functions of Neutrophil-like HL-60 Cells

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2015

Microgravity Sci. Technol.

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“…All of these factors are known to affect many physiological parameters of the astronauts, including the immune system (12,17,20,31,32,41). Their effects include decreased functions of cells of the innate immune system, including neutrophils (14,36), monocytes (15), and NK cells (17,21). The innate immune system initiates the host defense against invading microbes by specific recognition mechanisms.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Spaceflight on Ability of Monocytes To Respond to Endotoxins of Gram-Negative Bacteria

Kaur

Simons

Kapadia

et al. 2008

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Astronauts live and work in relatively crowded, confined environments on the Space Shuttle and the International Space Station. They experience a unique set of stressors that contribute to a diminishment of many immune responses. This study investigated the ability of the shuttle crew members' monocytes to respond to gram-negative endotoxin that they could encounter during infections. Blood specimens were collected from 20 crew members and 15 control subjects 10 days before launch, 3 to 4 h after landing, and 15 days after landing and from crew members during their annual medical examination at 6 to 12 months after landing. When challenged with gram-negative endotoxin, the crew member's monocytes collected at all three time points produced lower levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1␤ and higher levels of IL-1ra and IL-8 compared to those of control subjects. Cytokines were assessed by measuring the number of cells positive for intracellular cytokines. These values returned to normal 6 to 12 months after landing, except for IL-1ra, which was still higher (five-to sixfold) than in controls. This phenomenon was accompanied by an increased expression of Toll-like receptor 4 and decreased expression of CD14 on the crew members' monocytes at all time points. There were also increased levels of the lipopolysaccharide binding protein in the plasma of the crew members 3 to 4 h and 15 days after landing. This study shows that spaceflight-associated factors (in-flight and preflight) modulate the response of monocytes to gram-negative endotoxins.During spaceflight, astronauts are affected by many unusual factors, such as microgravity, radiation, physical and mental stresses, and isolation. Not only is spaceflight associated with in-flight factors influencing the astronauts, but even before launch, in preparation for the mission, the astronauts experience changes in circadian rhythms, rigorous training, and stresses of anticipation factors. Additionally, confinement of the crew during flight can and has resulted in the transfer of microorganisms between crew members (13,26,27). All of these factors are known to affect many physiological parameters of the astronauts, including the immune system (12,17,20,31,32,41). Their effects include decreased functions of cells of the innate immune system, including neutrophils (14, 36), monocytes (15), and NK cells (17,21). The innate immune system initiates the host defense against invading microbes by specific recognition mechanisms. The family of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on monocytes have been shown to be involved in innate immune recognition in response to microbial antigens (1, 6, 38), such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or endotoxin, a major virulence factor of gram-negative bacteria (29). Tapping et al. (39) have shown that TLR4 is the predominant signaling receptor for LPS in human blood. In blood, LPS binds to LPS binding protein (LBP), which facilitates the transfer of LPS to CD14 molecules in the CD14-TLR4-MD2 complex on the cell membrane of monocytes (11). CD14 plays a ke...

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