Leukemia Cutis in Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Epidemiological, Clinical, Biological, and Prognostic Characteristics of Patients Included in the ELAM02 Study

Gouache, Elodie; Grèze, Victoria; Strullu, Marion; Saultier, Paul; Fenneteau, Odile; Gandemer, Virginie; Ragu, Christine; Auvrignon, Anne; Boutroux, Hélène; Lapillonne, Hélène; Pasquet, Marlène; Leverger, Guy

doi:10.1097/hs9.0000000000000141

Cited by 13 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, we could not compare the results with other populations with ethnic similarities with our population. When comparing our data with that from other parts of the world, only two studies of LC in patients with childhood AML were found in PubMed (Table 4) 7,8 . In one of these studies, the frequency of LC in children from France was found to be 5.5% 7 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Leukemia cutis and other dermatological findings in pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia

Godínez-Chaparro¹,

Valencia²,

Duarte-Abdala³

et al. 2021

BMHIM

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Background: Leukemia cutis (LC) is the infiltration of neoplastic leukocytes into the skin, causing skin lesions. In children, it appears more frequently in patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), particularly in subtypes with a monocytic component. Methods: We studied a retrospective cohort including all AML cases from the Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez between January 2009 to December 2019 and described the clinical characteristics of those who presented LC and other mucocutaneous manifestations. The information was collected from clinical records and analyzed using SPSS software (version 17). Results: We identified 54 AML cases: 53.7% were males, and 75.9% of the patients presented at least one dermatosis in the course of the disease. LC was clinically present in 14.8% of patients and was histologically confirmed in 9.2% of them; two congenital leukemia cases were identified. Among these patients, LC was more frequent in males. LC patients were younger than those without LC, the most frequent AML subtype was M2 (37.5%), and the most frequent clinical manifestations were plaques, chloromas, and gingival hyperplasia. None of the patients presented LC before AML diagnosis. Conclusions: Currently, only a few studies about LC on pediatric populations have been reported, and the existing ones have small sample sizes. We found clinical and epidemiological similarities with other populations in the studied sample.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Leukemia cutis and other dermatological findings in pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia

Godínez-Chaparro¹,

Valencia²,

Duarte-Abdala³

et al. 2021

BMHIM

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“…Leukemia cutis (LC), also known as cutaneous myeloid sarcoma is not limited to neonatal period and remains common in infant leukemia. LC is commonly seen in FAB-4 and 5 AML [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Patients present with diffuse and papulonodular erythematous or violaceous skin lesions corresponding to leukemia infiltration into the epidermis, dermis or subcutaneous tissues [ 20 ].…”

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the French ELAM02 cohort, skin involvement was significatively more prevalent in infants occurring in 14.5% of children less than 2 years old compared to 2.6% of older children [ 1 , 19 ]. This presentation is associated with other extra-medullary organ involvement in AML and is negatively associated with prognosis [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. One hypothesis is that chemotherapy sufficient to induce remission in bone marrow may not be sufficient to penetrate the skin, thus leading to a greater incidence of relapse in those patients.…”

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infant Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Unique Clinical and Biological Entity

Calvo

Fenneteau

Leverger³

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Infant acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a rare subgroup of AML of children <2 years of age. It is as frequent as infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) but not clearly distinguished by study groups. However, infant AML demonstrates peculiar clinical and biological characteristics, and its prognosis differs from AML in older children. Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) is very frequent in this age group and has raised growing interest. Thus, AMKL is a dominant topic in this review. Recent genomic sequencing has contributed to our understanding of infant AML. These data demonstrated striking features of infant AML: fusion genes are able to induce AML transformation without additional cooperation, and unlike AML in older age groups there is a paucity of associated mutations. Mice modeling of these fusions showed the essential role of ontogeny in the infant leukemia phenotype compared to older children and adults. Understanding leukemogenesis may help in developing new targeted treatments to improve outcomes that are often very poor in this age group. A specific diagnostic and therapeutic approach for this age group should be investigated.

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“…The authors demonstrated that children presenting LC associated with AML were usually younger and had worse overall survival rates than the ones without skin involvement. In the light of these findings leukaemia cutis could be a negative prognostic factor in childhood AML [ 21 ].…”

Section: Clinical Presentation Of Lcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The site of EML may be the central nervous system, skin, ovary, orbits, gums, lymph nodes, soft tissues and other organs [ 7 ]. The prognosis in the case of the presence of EML has been suggested to be a marker of an aggressive disease, difficult to control and patients prone to extramedullary relapses after an intensive chemotherapy regimen [ 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Myelogenous Leukaemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Leukaemia cutis for clinicians, a literature review

Osmola

Gierej

Kłosowicz

et al. 2021

pdia

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Leukaemia cutis (LC) describes infiltration of the skin by leukaemia cells, resulting in clinically identifiable cutaneous lesions. LC has a wide range of clinical manifestations, which can make it difficult to distinguish LC from other skin changes. In a group of patients, LC can be the first manifestation of leukaemia, therefore skin biopsy is crucial for the diagnosis. In this mini review, we discuss various types of leukaemia most frequently represented in leukaemia cutis, in both children and adults and skin changes in multiple myeloma, focusing on the clinical presentation of LC and prognosis in patients.

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Leukemia Cutis in Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Epidemiological, Clinical, Biological, and Prognostic Characteristics of Patients Included in the ELAM02 Study

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

Leukemia cutis and other dermatological findings in pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia

Leukemia cutis and other dermatological findings in pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia

Infant Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Unique Clinical and Biological Entity

Leukaemia cutis for clinicians, a literature review

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