Leucine promotes differentiation of porcine myoblasts through the protein kinase B (Akt)/Forkhead box O1 signalling pathway

Zhang, Shurun; Chen, Xiaoling; Huang, Zhiqing; Chen, Shuai; Yu, Bing; Chen, Hong; Luo, Junqiu; He, Jun; Zheng, Ping; Yu, Jie

doi:10.1017/s0007114518000181

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The modulation of skeletal muscle mass depends on the balance between protein synthesis and degradation. Previous studies have shown a reduction in protein degradation after branched-chain amino acids or leucine administration through changing the expression of Foxo1, MAFbx and MuRF-1 [42][43][44][45], which play an essential role in promoting muscle proteolysis [46]. Consistent with these studies, our result showed that increased amino acid profile after fermentation decreased the abundance of Foxo1 and MAFbx.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Consistent with these studies, our result showed that increased amino acid profile after fermentation decreased the abundance of Foxo1 and MAFbx. Additionally, a previous study reported that leucine also increased the mRNA and protein levels of MyoG and MyoD [42], which was an important regulator of myogenesis [47]. Similarly, we also observed an increased expression of MyoD by the fermented feed that was rich in amino acid profile.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

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Fermented Feed Modulates Meat Quality and Promotes the Growth of Longissimus Thoracis of Late-Finishing Pigs

Qiu

Xitao

et al. 2020

Animals

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This study investigated the effect of fermented diet on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality and growth of longissimus thoracis (LT) of finishing pigs. A total of 48 finishing pigs [Duroc × (Landrace × Large White), male, 126 ± 5-d-old] weighing 98.76 ± 1.27 kg were randomly assigned to two treatments (eight pens per treatment and three pigs per pen) for a 28-d feeding trial, including control diet and fermented diet. Fermented diet significantly increased the loin eye area and lean mass percentage, decreased backfat thickness and improved meat quality of LT by decreasing the shear force and drip loss at 48 h post slaughter and improving meat sensory characteristics compared with control diet. A fermented diet also significantly increased the abundance of insulin, insulin receptor (IR), myoblast determination protein (MyoD) and myosin heavy chain-I (MyHC-I) transcripts, and the phosphorylation levels of AKT, mTORC1, 4EBP1 and S6K1 in LT, while decreasing the expression of muscle atrophy F-box (MAFbx) and forkhead Box O1 (Foxo1) mRNA transcripts. Moreover, proteomic analysis revealed that differentially expressed proteins predominantly involved in protein synthesis and muscle development were modulated by fermented diet. Our results indicated that a fermented diet improved meat quality and enhanced LT growth of finishing pigs by increasing insulin/AKT/mTORC1 protein synthesis cascade and activating the Foxo1/MAFbx pathway, along with the regulation of ribosomal protein and proteins involved in muscle contraction and muscle hypertrophy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Fermented Feed Modulates Meat Quality and Promotes the Growth of Longissimus Thoracis of Late-Finishing Pigs

Qiu

Xitao

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…This result was in good agreement with reports on C2C12 myoblasts, preterm rat satellite cells, and porcine myoblasts. These studies reported that Leu limitation prevents the differentiation of myoblasts and primary satellite cells [24][25][26]. Chen et al also demonstrated that Leu could promote proliferation of C2C12 myoblasts [76].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, these studies mainly focused on the effects of Leu on growth, protein retention, and immunity. Recently, studies in primary preterm rat satellite cells and porcine myoblasts showed Leu promoted proliferation and differentiation [24,25]. Averous et al (2012) also reported Leu deficiency inhibited the differentiation of both C2C12 myoblasts and primary mice satellite cells through regulating Myf5 and MyoD expression [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leucine Improved Growth Performance, Muscle Growth, and Muscle Protein Deposition Through AKT/TOR and AKT/FOXO3a Signaling Pathways in Hybrid Catfish Pelteobagrus vachelli × Leiocassis longirostris

Zhao

Jiang

et al. 2020

Cells

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(1) Background: l-leucine (Leu) plays a positive role in regulating protein turnover in skeletal muscle in mammal. However, the molecular mechanism for the effects of Leu on muscle growth and protein deposition is not clearly demonstrated in fish. This study investigated the effects of dietary Leu on growth performance and muscle growth, protein synthesis, and degradation-related signaling pathways of hybrid catfish (Pelteobagrus vachelli♀ × Leiocassis longirostris♂). (2) Methods: A total of 630 hybrid catfish (23.19 ± 0.20 g) were fed 6 different experimental diets containing graded levels of Leu at 10.0 (control), 15.0, 20.0, 25.0, 30.0, 35.0, and 40.0 g Leu kg-1 for 8 weeks. (3) Results: Results showed that dietary Leu increased percent weight gain (PWG), specific growth rate (SGR), FI (feed intake), feed efficiency (FE), protein efficiency ratio (PER), muscle fibers diameter, and muscle fibers density; up-regulated insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), myogenic regulation factors (MyoD, Myf5, MyoG, and Mrf4), and MyHC mRNA levels; increased muscle protein synthesis via regulating the AKT/TOR signaling pathway; and attenuated protein degradation via regulating the AKT/FOXO3a signaling pathway. (4) Conclusions: These results suggest that Leu has potential role to improve muscle growth and protein deposition in fish, which might be due to the regulation of IGF mRNA expression, muscle growth related gene, and protein synthesis and degradation-related signaling pathways. Based on the broken-line model, the Leu requirement of hybrid catfish (23.19-54.55 g) for PWG was estimated to be 28.10 g kg-1 of the diet (73.04 g kg-1 of dietary protein). These results will improve our understanding of the mechanisms responsible for muscle growth and protein deposition effects of Leu in fish.

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“…Porcine myoblasts were isolated form 3-d-old male Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire pigs. The cells were isolated as described previously (25) . When the density reached about 80 % confluence, the cells were shifted to differentiation medium containing Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM)/F12 with 2 % horse serum (Invitrogen).…”

Section: Culture and Treatment Of Porcine Myoblastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leucine promotes porcine myofibre type transformation from fast-twitch to slow-twitch through the protein kinase B (Akt)/forkhead box 1 signalling pathway and microRNA-27a

et al. 2018

Self Cite

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Muscle fibre types can transform from slow-twitch (slow myosin heavy chain (MyHC)) to fast-twitch (fast MyHC) or vice versa. Leucine plays a vital effect in the development of skeletal muscle. However, the role of leucine in porcine myofibre type transformation and its mechanism are still unclear. In this study, effects of leucine and microRNA-27a (miR-27a) on the transformation of porcine myofibre type were investigated in vitro. We found that leucine increased slow MyHC protein level and decreased fast MyHC protein level, increased the levels of phospho-protein kinase B (Akt)/Akt and phospho-forkhead box 1 (FoxO1)/FoxO1 and decreased the FoxO1 protein level. However, blocking the Akt/FoxO1 signalling pathway by wortmannin attenuated the role of leucine in porcine myofibre type transformation. Over-expression of miR-27a decreased slow MyHC protein level and increased fast MyHC protein level, whereas inhibition of miR-27a had an opposite effect. We also found that expression of miR-27a was down-regulated following leucine treatment. Moreover, over-expression of miR-27a repressed transformation from fast MyHC to slow MyHC caused by leucine, suggesting that miR-27a is interdicted by leucine and then contributes to porcine muscle fibre type transformation. Our finding provided the first evidence that leucine promotes porcine myofibre type transformation from fast MyHC to slow MyHC via the Akt/FoxO1 signalling pathway and miR-27a.

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Leucine promotes differentiation of porcine myoblasts through the protein kinase B (Akt)/Forkhead box O1 signalling pathway

Cited by 16 publications

References 35 publications

Fermented Feed Modulates Meat Quality and Promotes the Growth of Longissimus Thoracis of Late-Finishing Pigs

Fermented Feed Modulates Meat Quality and Promotes the Growth of Longissimus Thoracis of Late-Finishing Pigs

Leucine Improved Growth Performance, Muscle Growth, and Muscle Protein Deposition Through AKT/TOR and AKT/FOXO3a Signaling Pathways in Hybrid Catfish Pelteobagrus vachelli × Leiocassis longirostris

Leucine promotes porcine myofibre type transformation from fast-twitch to slow-twitch through the protein kinase B (Akt)/forkhead box 1 signalling pathway and microRNA-27a

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