Letter to the Editor: Editorial: Artificial Intelligence Applications and Scholarly Publication in Orthopaedic Surgery

Seth, Ishith; Lower, Kirk; Bulloch, Gabriella; Seth, Nimish

doi:10.1097/corr.0000000000002725

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…However, LLMs present a unique challenge in this domain. They can produce content that could be mistaken for human-generated medical literature, raising significant issues about authorship [8,15,19,32,56,65,74,75]. However, LLMs like ChatGPT are ineligible for authorship due to their inability to accept responsibility [41,47,52,53,55,58,71,76].…”

Section: Authorship and Plagiarismmentioning

confidence: 99%

AI and Ethics: A Systematic Review of the Ethical Considerations of Large Language Model Use in Surgery Research

Pressman,

Borna,

Gomez-Cabello

et al. 2024

Healthcare

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Introduction: As large language models receive greater attention in medical research, the investigation of ethical considerations is warranted. This review aims to explore surgery literature to identify ethical concerns surrounding these artificial intelligence models and evaluate how autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice are represented within these ethical discussions to provide insights in order to guide further research and practice. Methods: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Five electronic databases were searched in October 2023. Eligible studies included surgery-related articles that focused on large language models and contained adequate ethical discussion. Study details, including specialty and ethical concerns, were collected. Results: The literature search yielded 1179 articles, with 53 meeting the inclusion criteria. Plastic surgery, orthopedic surgery, and neurosurgery were the most represented surgical specialties. Autonomy was the most explicitly cited ethical principle. The most frequently discussed ethical concern was accuracy (n = 45, 84.9%), followed by bias, patient confidentiality, and responsibility. Conclusion: The ethical implications of using large language models in surgery are complex and evolving. The integration of these models into surgery necessitates continuous ethical discourse to ensure responsible and ethical use, balancing technological advancement with human dignity and safety.

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