Letter-Number Sequencing, Figure Weights, and Cancellation subtests of WAIS-IV administered to elders

Pezzuti, Lina; Rossetti, Serena

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.08.019

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Together with the digit span, LNS was found the most highly related psychometric tests to laboratory WM measures (Shelton et al, 2009). Fluid intelligence and cognitive flexibility have also been argued to be involved by this task (Pezzuti and Rossetti, 2017). The individual differences in the temporal costs of selective visual attention has been previously linked to WM capacity and fluid intelligence was associated with higher target accuracy (Colzato et al, 2007; but see Martens and Johnson, 2009 for contrasting evidence) using other tasks (e.g., Operation Span task, Symmetry, and Reading Span tasks as measures of WM capacity, and Raven's Progressive Matrices to assess fluid intelligence), but not with LNS complex span task.…”

Section: Letter-number Sequencing Taskmentioning

confidence: 90%

No Evidence for an Auditory Attentional Blink for Voices Regardless of Musical Expertise

2020

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Background: Attending to goal-relevant information can leave us metaphorically "blind" or "deaf" to the next relevant information while searching among distracters. This temporal cost lasting for about a half a second on the human selective attention has been long explored using the attentional blink paradigm. Although there is evidence that certain visual stimuli relating to one's area of expertise can be less susceptible to attentional blink effects, it remains unexplored whether the dynamics of temporal selective attention vary with expertise and objects types in the auditory modality. Methods: Using the auditory version of the attentional blink paradigm, the present study investigates whether certain auditory objects relating to musical and perceptual expertise could have an impact on the transient costs of selective attention. In this study, expert cellists and novice participants were asked to first identify a target sound, and then to detect instrumental timbres of cello or organ, or human voice as a second target in a rapid auditory stream. Results: The results showed moderate evidence against the attentional blink effect for voices independent of participants' musical expertise. Experts outperformed novices in their overall accuracy levels of target identification and detection, reflecting a clear benefit of musical expertise. Importantly, the musicianship advantage disappeared when the human voices served as the second target in the stream. Discussion: The results are discussed in terms of stimulus salience, the advantage of voice processing, as well as perceptual and musical expertise in relation to attention and working memory performances.

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Section: Letter-number Sequencing Taskmentioning

confidence: 90%

No Evidence for an Auditory Attentional Blink for Voices Regardless of Musical Expertise

2020

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“…For LNS, the participant reads a sequence of numbers and letters, then recalls the numbers in ascending and the letters in alphabetical order. This test measures executive functioning, attention, working memory, processing speed, and cognitive flexibility [22]. The JLO is used to assess visuospatial functioning by requiring the participant to match the angular positions of target line pairs to a reference figure on top of the page [23].…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-motor predictors of freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease

et al. 2019

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Background: The etiology of freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease (PD) is yet to be clarified. Non-motor risk factors including cognitive impairment, sleep disturbance and mood disorders have been shown in freezing of gait. Research question: We aimed to determine the predictive value of non-motor features in freezing of gait development. Methods: Data were obtained from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative. Fifty PD patients with self-reported freezing of gait, and 50 PD patients without freezing of gait at the fourth year visit were included. Groups were matched for Movement Disorders Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III scores. Several cognitive and non-cognitive tests were used for non-motor features at baseline and over time. Executive function, visuospatial function, processing speed, learning and memory tests were used for cognition. Non-cognitive tests included sleepiness, REM sleep behavior disorder, depression and anxiety scales. Results: Patients with freezing of gait had higher scores on sleepiness, REM sleep behavior disorder, depression and anxiety scales. However, predictor model analysis revealed that baseline processing speed, learning and sleepiness scores were predictive of self-reported freezing of gait development over time.

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“…Also, LNS requires processing and maintenance. However, it involves a wider range of abilities and a switch from letters to numbers (attention, mental manipulation, and sequential processing 39,40 ). A comparison of task requests of LNS and CWMS to IWLR (criterion task) suggests that LNS differs in terms of task material, and the set of underlying abilities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental imagery training in older adults: Which are benefits and individual predictors?

Vranić

Martinčević

Borella

2020

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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ObjectivesStrategic memory training involves explicit instructions in mnemonic methods to improve recall. Mental imagery is considered among the most effective encoding strategies. The aim of the present study was to assess the benefits of a strategic memory training based on mental imagery (originally proposed by Carretti et al., 2007) and to further investigate its potentials. The study represents a replication in a new and independent cultural setting and features valuable methodological amendments, while it also examines individual predictors of training efficacy.DesignA sample of 91 older volunteers (age 61–88), divided in training and control group, participated in the training. Specific training gain in the immediate word list recall (criterion task), as well as transfer effects on Letter‐Number Sequencing (working memory [WM] task), long‐term recall and recognition (LTM tasks) were tested at the pretest and at the posttest.ResultsAnalysis of variance showed posttraining effects in immediate word recall and long‐term verbal recall, but no effects in WM task and long‐term recognition. Regression analysis showed age to be the only significant predictor in one task, the immediate word recall.ConclusionsOverall, proposed training can improve some aspects of memory performance by aiding in strategic use of mental imagery. Transfer to other tasks and contribution of individual predictors to training efficacy results limited, however. It seems that training benefits are evident when task similarity enables transfer‐appropriate processing (as evidenced in gains of both recall tasks), while training efficacy relies on individual characteristics which contribute to the execution of some task components.

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Letter-Number Sequencing, Figure Weights, and Cancellation subtests of WAIS-IV administered to elders

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

No Evidence for an Auditory Attentional Blink for Voices Regardless of Musical Expertise

No Evidence for an Auditory Attentional Blink for Voices Regardless of Musical Expertise

Non-motor predictors of freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease

Mental imagery training in older adults: Which are benefits and individual predictors?

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