Letter: Glioblastoma Cell of Origin

Habib, Ahmed; Hoppe, Meagan; Beiriger, Jamison; Kodavali, Chowdari; Edwards, Lincoln; Zinn, Pascal O.

doi:10.1007/s12015-021-10297-6

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Gliomas are primary brain tumours. Recent data indicate that these tumours are derived from neural stem cells (NSCs), NSC-derived astrocytes, and oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) [ 86 ]. In the CNS, there are three types of glial cells: astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia.…”

Section: Gliomasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoride in the Central Nervous System and Its Potential Influence on the Development and Invasiveness of Brain Tumours—A Research Hypothesis

Żwierełło

Maruszewska

Skórka-Majewicz

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The purpose of this review is to attempt to outline the potential role of fluoride in the pathogenesis of brain tumours, including glioblastoma (GBM). In this paper, we show for the first time that fluoride can potentially affect the generally accepted signalling pathways implicated in the formation and clinical course of GBM. Fluorine compounds easily cross the blood–brain barrier. Enhanced oxidative stress, disruption of multiple cellular pathways, and microglial activation are just a few examples of recent reports on the role of fluoride in the central nervous system (CNS). We sought to present the key mechanisms underlying the development and invasiveness of GBM, as well as evidence on the current state of knowledge about the pleiotropic, direct, or indirect involvement of fluoride in the regulation of these mechanisms in various tissues, including neural and tumour tissue. The effects of fluoride on the human body are still a matter of controversy. However, given the growing incidence of brain tumours, especially in children, and numerous reports on the effects of fluoride on the CNS, it is worth taking a closer look at these mechanisms in the context of brain tumours, including gliomas.

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Section: Gliomasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoride in the Central Nervous System and Its Potential Influence on the Development and Invasiveness of Brain Tumours—A Research Hypothesis

Żwierełło

Maruszewska

Skórka-Majewicz

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…The GBM cell origin is still characterized by lack of consensus among researchers, and grounded two distinct theories, namely the astrocytes de-differentiation and stem cell theory. The astrocytes de-differentiation theory claims that GBM originates from mature astrocytes that suffer driving mutations along the time and return to a more primitive and pluripotent state, with capacity to proliferate and give rise to heterogeneous progeny; on the other hand, the stem cell theory claims that GBM originates from stem cells of the subventricular zone (SVZ) that suffer malignant transformations and possess neurogenesis ability (Habib et al, 2022). The TME of GBM is vast in regard to cell constituents, cell-cell/ cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions and function, thus leading to a tumoral organization into three typical niches-perivascular, hypoxic and invasive (Figure 1) (Hambardzumyan & Bergers, 2015).…”

Section: Gbm Niches Key Cell Players and Tmementioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐ligand functionalized blood‐to‐tumor sequential targeting strategies in the field of glioblastoma nanomedicine

Martins

Sarmento

2023

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

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Glioblastoma (GBM) is an unmet clinical need characterized by a standard of care (SOC) 5‐year survival rate of only 5%, and a treatment mostly palliative. Significant hurdles in GBM therapies include an effective penetration of therapeutics through the brain protective barrier, namely the blood–brain barrier (BBB), and a successful therapeutic delivery to brain‐invading tumor cells post‐BBB crossing. These hurdles, along with the poor prognosis and critical heterogeneity of the disease, have shifted attention to treatment modalities with capacity to precisely and sequentially target (i) BBB cells, inducing blood‐to‐brain transport, and (ii) GBM cells, leading to a higher therapeutic accumulation at the tumor site. This sequential targeting allows therapeutic molecules to reach the brain parenchyma and compromise molecular processes that support tumor cell invasion. Besides improving formulation and pharmacokinetics constraints of drugs, nanomedicines offer the possibility of being surface functionalized with multiple possibilities of targeting ligands, while delivering the desired therapeutic cargos to the biological sites of interest. Targeting ligands exploit the site‐specific expression or overexpression of specific molecules on BBB and GBM cells, triggering brain plus tumor transport. Since the efficacy of single‐ligand functionalized nanomedicines is limited due to the GBM anatomical site (brain) and disease complexity, this review presents an overview of multi‐ligand functionalized, BBB and GBM sequentially‐ and dual‐targeted nanomedicines reported in literature over the last 10 years. The role of the BBB in GBM progression, treatment options, and the multiple possibilities of currently available targeting ligands will be summarized.This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease

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