Lethal Yellowing of Coconut Palm: Search for a Vector

Tsai, James H.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-326450-3.50015-2

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Infections in one or two trees will spread randomly around the infection center. It was explained that the jump-spread pattern indicates the presence of airborne transmission through insect vectors that can spread up to tens of kilometers from the primary infection (Tsai, 1980). Besides, the GIS technique can also be used to determine the percentage of the incidence of Sumatra disease in this study, which was 28.8%.…”

Section: Distribution Pattern Of Sumatra Disease Using Geographic Inf...mentioning

confidence: 84%

Field and Laboratory Detection of Clove Sumatra Disease Caused by Ralstonia syzygii subsp. syzygii in Java, Indonesia

Joko,

Yuantomoputro,

Indrawati

et al. 2023

JTAS

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The significant decrease in clove production in Indonesia is mainly due to the Sumatra disease caused by bacterial Ralstonia syzygii subsp. syzygii. It is necessary to manage the disease broadly based on disease detection in the field and the laboratory. This study aims to determine the technique for detecting the distribution pattern of Sumatra disease using geographic information systems and validate the presence of R. syzygii subsp. syzygii in clove plant tissues by molecular analyses based on the endoglucanase gene. This research was conducted by acquiring aerial photos using uncrewed aerial vehicles processed using photogrammetric techniques to produce geographic information system outputs as a thematic map of the clove Sumatra disease distribution pattern. The plant samples were collected for molecular analysis of the pathogens causing clove Sumatra disease in the laboratory. DNA extraction was performed and amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using UGMRss-specific primers followed by Sanger sequencing. The aerial photo images showed that the distribution of clove Sumatra disease has a random pattern, which tends to spread between healthy and diseased plants. Furthermore, the PCR and phylogenetic analyses revealed that all symptomatic clove plant samples (leaves, twigs, and roots) were positively infected by R. syzygii subsp. syzygii.

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Section: Distribution Pattern Of Sumatra Disease Using Geographic Inf...mentioning

confidence: 84%

Field and Laboratory Detection of Clove Sumatra Disease Caused by Ralstonia syzygii subsp. syzygii in Java, Indonesia

Joko,

Yuantomoputro,

Indrawati

et al. 2023

JTAS

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“…Though conventional vector transmission trials for LYD in palms have been carried out since the 1960s, very few have been successful (Tsai, 1980; Eden-Green, 1995), so knowledge of vectors is very incomplete and tentative (Table 3). To date, the only positively identified vectors of LYD are the planthoppers Haplaxius crudus (van Duzee), previously Myndus crudus , in Florida (Howard et al, 1983) and Proutista moesta (Westwood) in India (Rajan, 2013).…”

Section: Lethal Yellows Disease Pathosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, the only positively identified vectors of LYD are the planthoppers Haplaxius crudus (van Duzee), previously Myndus crudus , in Florida (Howard et al, 1983) and Proutista moesta (Westwood) in India (Rajan, 2013). There have been a great number of unsuccessful palm phytoplasma vector transmission trials (Tsai, 1980; Danyo, 2011). The seeming lack of information about vectors of LYD is also due to the cost involved in transmission testing and the fact that LYD are most commonly found in countries with few resources for research (Baudouin et al, 2009).…”

Section: Lethal Yellows Disease Pathosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coconut Lethal Yellowing Diseases: A Phytoplasma Threat to Palms of Global Economic and Social Significance

et al. 2016

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The recent discovery of Bogia coconut syndrome in Papua New Guinea (PNG) is the first report of a lethal yellowing disease (LYD) in Oceania. Numerous outbreaks of LYDs of coconut have been recorded in the Caribbean and Africa since the late Nineteenth century and have caused the death of millions of palms across several continents during the Twentieth century. Despite the severity of economic losses, it was only in the 1970s that the causes of LYDs were identified as phytoplasmas, a group of insect-transmitted bacteria associated with diseases in many other economically important crop species. Since the development of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology, knowledge of LYDs epidemiology, ecology and vectors has grown rapidly. There is no economically viable treatment for LYDs and vector-based management is hampered by the fact that vectors have been positively identified in very few cases despite many attempted transmission trials. Some varieties and hybrids of coconut palm are known to be less susceptible to LYD but none are completely resistant. Optimal and current management of LYD is through strict quarantine, prompt detection and destruction of symptomatic palms, and replanting with less susceptible varieties or crop species. Advances in technology such as loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for detection and tracking of phytoplasma DNA in plants and insects, remote sensing for identifying symptomatic palms, and the advent of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based tools for gene editing and plant breeding are likely to allow rapid progress in taxonomy as well as understanding and managing LYD phytoplasma pathosystems.

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Non-Chemical Control of Plant Mycoplasma Diseases

Maramorosch

1988

Mycoplasma Diseases of Crops

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Lethal Yellowing of Coconut Palm: Search for a Vector

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Field and Laboratory Detection of Clove Sumatra Disease Caused by Ralstonia syzygii subsp. syzygii in Java, Indonesia

Field and Laboratory Detection of Clove Sumatra Disease Caused by Ralstonia syzygii subsp. syzygii in Java, Indonesia

Coconut Lethal Yellowing Diseases: A Phytoplasma Threat to Palms of Global Economic and Social Significance

Non-Chemical Control of Plant Mycoplasma Diseases

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