Lethal and Sterilizing Effects of Gamma Radiation on Insects Infesting Cereal Commodities

Cornwell, P. B.; Crook, L. J.; Bull, J. O.

doi:10.1038/179670b0

Cited by 43 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Actually, the dosage that we found necessary for complete sterilization of mature navel orangeworm pupae-50,-000 rads-is a little higher than that reported adequate for sterilization in the lepidopterous species investigated by Cornwell, Crook, and Bull (1957), and by Vasilyan (1961) . Proverbs and Newton (1962) analyzed many factors affecting the results of irradiation and determined that exposure to 40,000 rads sterilized the female codling moth but that not even 75,000 rads made all the males completely sterile.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Sterilization of the navel orangeworm,Paramyelois transitella(Walker), by gamma radiation (Lepidoptera: Phycitidae)

Husseiny¹,

Madsen²

1964

Hilg

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Sterilization of the navel orangeworm,Paramyelois transitella(Walker), by gamma radiation (Lepidoptera: Phycitidae)

Husseiny¹,

Madsen²

1964

Hilg

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“…Sterilisaeion of L sericata was achieved within the gamma dosage range 3,000--6,000 rep, which seems to be the effective range for many insects. CORNWELL, COOK & BUlL (1957) found that seven out of thirteen species studied were completely sterilised with 6,000 rep or less, and that a reduction in fertility occurred in all at 3,000 rep and above. As earlier noted, C, hominivorax studied by Bushland & Hopkins also were seerilised in approximately the same range, 2,500 rep for males and 5,000 rep for females.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

THE EFFECT OF GAMMA RADIATION ON THE VIABILITY AND FERTILITY OF LUCILIA SERICATA MG. (DIPT.) IRRADIATED AS PUPAE

Donnelly

1960

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The biological effects of gamma radiation on Lucilia sericata Mg. were studied by subjecting the pupae to a range of gamma doses from a Cobalt‐60 source. Observations were made on the percentage subsequently emerging after each treatment, and their longevity. Fertility was measured by caging each sex with untreated flies of the opposite sex, the numbers of hatching egg clusters obtained providing an index of fertility of the treated component. Percentage emergence, in pupae more than 3 days old at irradiation, was normal up to 12,000 rep, and reduced by about 24% after 24,000 rep. Adult longevity was progressively reduced by doses from 1,000 rep upwards, and was about 50% of the control value after 9,000 rep. The percentage viability of eggs from treated females decreased in the dosage range 0–2,000 rep without any decrease in total eggs produced, after 3,000 rep and above females failed to lay any eggs. Male fertility was about 3% after 3,000 rep; above 3,000 rep males were completely sterile. Morphologically normal sperm was produced by males at all doses up to 24,000 rep, and showed motility up to 6,000 rep at least. Pupae irradiated before completion of a third of the total duration of the pupal stage failed to emerge after 3,000 rep, those irradiated after that stage emerged normally after 12,000 rep. There was evidence that the transition from susceptibility to resistance was abrupt and that the physiological age of the pupae corresponding to this resistance threshold was independent of velocity of pupal development. RESUME EFFET DE RADIATION GAMMA SUR LA VITALITÉ ET LA FERTILITÉ DE LUCILIA SERICATA MG. (DIPT.) IRRADIÉ AU STADE DE PUPE Des pupes de L. sericata Mg. furent exposées à l'irradiation gamma d'une source de Cobalt‐60 pour étudier le nombre d'adultes qui en émergeraient, leur longévité et leur fertilité. Les individus irradiés durant le premier tiers de la vie nymphale succombent à 3,000 rep. Chez les individus irradiés durant les deux autres tiers du développement de la pupe, les effets suivants furent observés: Le pourcentage d'émergence fut normal jusqu'à 12.000 rep.; à 24.000, l'émergence était réduite de 24%. Les mǎles et les femelles étaient stérilisés complètement aux doses supérieures à 3.000 rep. La fertilité des mǎles traités, évaluée par le pourcentage d'œufs viables pondus par leurs conjointes, décroǐt progressivement lorsqu'on augmente le dosage d'une valeur d'environ 3% à partir de 3.000 rep.Au‐dessous de 3.000 rep. la production totale d'œufs chez les femelles traitées fut normale, mais le pourcentage de viabilité décroǐt avec l'augmentation de la dose; au‐dessus de 3.000 rep. les femelles ne pondent plus d'œufs. La longévité des adultes fut d'autant plus réduite que la dose était accrue. L'irradiation des individus à différents ǎges du stade nymphal mit en évidence que, dans le développement de la pupe, il y a un seuil situé environ au tiers de ce développement à partir duquel la résistance à l'irradiation est accrue. Les individus irradié...

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“…Cornwell, Crook, and Bull (1957) studied the lethal and sterilizing effect of gamma‐radiations from cobalt‐60 sources on about 13 insects of stored grains. In 1963, the FDA approved irradiation for insect disinfestation in wheat and wheat flour (Burg & Shalaby, 1996).…”

Section: Existing Disinfestation Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disinfestation techniques for major cereals: A status report

Paul

Radhakrishnan

Saravanan

et al. 2020

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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Management of stored product insects is a major concern and widely researched topic in the food and grain processing and storage industry. In the scenario of estimated utilization of produces exceeding the production, postharvest losses should be properly controlled to feed the growing population. The prevailing disinfestation techniques are forced to meet regulatory standards and market demands. The resistance developed by insects, environmental concerns, and occupational hazards lead to the vanishing of many chemicals used in insect and pest management programs. Some of the major disinfestation techniques such as the use of chemical fumigants, ozone, irradiation, dielectric heating, extreme temperature treatments, and bio rational approaches are discussed, particularly on the storage of cereal grains and its products, as they contribute to a significant proportion of food consumed worldwide. Newer techniques such as nonthermal plasma and metabolic stress disinfestation and decontamination for stored pest control are developed and evaluated in different parts of the world. The knowledge about the mode of action of these disinfestation techniques is important to avoid the cross-resistance and multiple resistance developed by insects with frequently used techniques. Various alternatives to conventional fumigants are discussed in this review as there is a growing demand for toxic-free, environment-friendly, and, at the same time, efficient techniques.

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Lethal and Sterilizing Effects of Gamma Radiation on Insects Infesting Cereal Commodities

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

Sterilization of the navel orangeworm,Paramyelois transitella(Walker), by gamma radiation (Lepidoptera: Phycitidae)

Sterilization of the navel orangeworm,Paramyelois transitella(Walker), by gamma radiation (Lepidoptera: Phycitidae)

THE EFFECT OF GAMMA RADIATION ON THE VIABILITY AND FERTILITY OF LUCILIA SERICATA MG. (DIPT.) IRRADIATED AS PUPAE

Disinfestation techniques for major cereals: A status report

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