Let's Walk before We Run: An Appraisal of Historical Materialist Approaches to the Later Stone Age

Prehistoric exchange and interaction in southeastern southern africa: Marine shells and ostrich eggshell

“…First applied to the southern Transvaal (Wadley, 1987(Wadley, , 1989a, this model of seasonal aggregation/dispersal has since been taken up elsewhere, though in situations where data are neither as rich nor as varied (Barham, 1992;Wadley, 1992b;Mitchell, 1993a). Under conditions of social and/or ecological stress, exchange may be intensified (e.g., Wiessner, 1984, pp.…”

Quartz crystal materiality in Terminal Pleistocene Lesotho

“…Drawing on the mid Holocene record in northern South Africa, Barham (1992) and Wadley (1992) have debated whether unmodified quartz crystals served as symbolic devices or functional components in prehistoric hunter-gatherer toolkits. Barham (1992) argued that symbolic interpretations for worked quartz crystals should follow careful analysis to assess other possibilities. The division between the symbolic and functional roles of quartz crystal may be more apparent than real.…”

What Is a Hunter-Gatherer? Variation in the Archaeological Record of Eastern and Southern Africa

“…Consistent with revisionism, many archaeologists emphasize the differences between archaeology and the ethnographic record and the lack of time depth of historically known Bushmen, Khoekhoen pastoralists, and so on (Barham, 1992;Walker, 1995a). Parkington (1984) called for the "de-!Kunging" of later Stone Age archaeology and developed models of seasonal mobility and logistical mobility, novel patterns as far as most San were concerned (Parkington, 1998(Parkington, , 2001a.…”