Let’s Get Vaccinated for Both Flu and COVID-19: On the World Flu Day 2021

Gao, George F.; Liu, William J.

doi:10.46234/ccdcw2021.227

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Although the COVID-19 pandemic is still wreaking havoc around the world, we can take an optimistic view that it will die down with the continuous implementation of non-pharmacological interventions and the application of the vaccines and boosters 89 . However, the potential flare-ups caused by emerging VOCs and the unpredictable nature of SARS-CoV-2 will pose a consistent risk to humans 90 .…”

Section: Conclusion and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Seeing the T cell Immunity of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV: Believing the Epitope-Oriented Vaccines

Cui¹,

Wang²,

Tian³

et al. 2023

Int. J. Biol. Sci.

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The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at the end of 2019 stimulated vigorous research efforts in immunology and vaccinology. In addition to innate immune responses, both virus-specific humoral and cellular immune responses are of importance for viral clearance. T cell epitopes play a central role in T cell-based immune responses. Herein, we summarized the peptide/major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) structures of the SARS-CoV-2-derived T cell epitopes available in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) and proposed the challenge and opportunities for using of T cell epitopes in future vaccine development efforts. A total of 27 SARS-CoV-2 related pMHC structures and five complexes with T cell receptors were retrieved. The peptides are mainly distributed on spike (S), nucleocapsid (N), and ORF1ab proteins. Most peptides are conserved among variants of concerns (VOCs) for SARS-CoV-2, except for several mutated peptides located in the S protein. The structures of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complexed with seven epitopes derived from SARS-CoV were also retrieved, which showed a potential cross T cell immunity with SARS-CoV-2. Structural studies of antigenic peptides from SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV help to visualize the processes and the mechanisms of cross T cell immunity. T cell epitope-oriented vaccines are potential next-generation vaccines for SARS-CoV-2, which are worthy of further investigation.

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Section: Conclusion and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Seeing the T cell Immunity of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV: Believing the Epitope-Oriented Vaccines

Cui¹,

Wang²,

Tian³

et al. 2023

Int. J. Biol. Sci.

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“…The immunological barrier at the population-level established through vaccination is always a safe and economic pathway to interrupt transmission ( 26 ). The theme of World Flu Day this year (the 4th) is “Flu and COVID-19: Let’s get vaccinated” ( 27 - 28 ). Lastly, scientific investigations on these pandemic-risk viruses should also be enhanced.…”

Section: Perspectives and Suggestionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Tale of Two Cities: From Influenza HxNy to SARS-CoV-z

Liu

2021

China CDC Weekly

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Notes: Average weekly percentage of visits for ILI was 3.0% in 2020 compared with the average ILI 3.2% of 2015–2019, with a drop of 6.25% ( P <0.001); the percentage was further decreased by 10% from the ILI 3.0% in 2020 to ILI 2.7% in 2021 ( P <0.001). Average weekly positive influenza virus rate decreased by 61.94% ( P <0.001) from 2015–2019 (15.5%) to 2020 (5.9%), and continuously decreased by 44.07% ( P <0.001), from 2020 (5.9%) to 2021 (3.3%). 1) All data were collected from Chinese National Influenza Center Weekly Report (http://www.chinaivdc.cn/cnic/zyzx/lgzb/202111/t20211105_252585.htm). 2) R software (R4.0.4 version, R Development Core Team, Auckland, New Zealand) was used to analyze the data and generate the figures. 3) Two proportional tests were used to check the differences in average weekly ILI percentage and influenza virus positivity over the years from 2015 to 2021. 4) Black lines in Panel A and B denoted the national epidemic thresholds during 2015–2019, i.e. 3.26 ILI cases per 100 outpatient visits and the influenza positive rate (15.5%), respectively. 5) The blue line in Panel A indicates the calculated mean values of ILI in each week during 2015–2019. The mean values of ILI= the sum of ILI among 2015–2019/the total visits for ILI at sentinel hospitals among 2015–2019 in overall China by week; 6) The blue line in Figure B indicates the calculated mean influenza virus positivity in each week among 2015–2019. The mean influenza virus positivity = the sum of influenza virus positive samples among 2015–2019/the total samples collected for ILI at sentinel hospitals among 2015–2019 in China overall by week. Abbreviation: ILI=influenza-like illness.

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Biosafety and immunology: An interdisciplinary field for health priority

Liu,

Wong,

et al. 2024

Biosafety and Health

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Let’s Get Vaccinated for Both Flu and COVID-19: On the World Flu Day 2021

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Seeing the T cell Immunity of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV: Believing the Epitope-Oriented Vaccines

Seeing the T cell Immunity of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV: Believing the Epitope-Oriented Vaccines

A Tale of Two Cities: From Influenza HxNy to SARS-CoV-z

Biosafety and immunology: An interdisciplinary field for health priority

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