Lessons Learned from the Application of the UNIDO Eco-Industrial Park Toolbox in Viet Nam and Other Countries

Beers, D. van; Flammini, Alessandro; Meylan, Frédéric David; Stucki, Jérôme

doi:10.3390/su11174687

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…van Beers et al. (2019) applied the EIP framework in Vietnam and other countries, including Colombia, Morocco, and South Africa, where they argue for the tool to be improved and the implementing country to achieve their standards. China also carried out a comparative analysis of its standards against the international framework (The World Bank, 2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The IF‐EIP framework encourages industrial parks to exceed compliance and go beyond the defined standards to fit the region. The application of the framework has shown its importance in contributing to the implementation of EIP practices and supporting the stakeholders in making decisions related to EIP topics (van Beers et al., 2019).…”

Section: Literature Review and Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of eco‐industrial parks in Ethiopia: The case of Hawassa Industrial Park

Negesa

Cong

Cheng

et al. 2022

J of Industrial Ecology

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As win‐win solutions at the park level, eco‐industrial parks (EIPs) have become the mainstream model to realize a sustainable transition of industrial parks in the world. However, few cases have been implemented in Africa, even though Africa is fertile ground for the growth of industrial parks. This study explores the transition process and outcome of a typical African industrial park—Hawassa Industrial Park (HIP) in Ethiopia. We adopted the international framework for EIPs and applied the strategic niche management (SNM) framework to uncover the transition performance and process. This study shows that HIP's development is a clear articulation of implementing the sustainable development strategy and the industrial park development corporation's role. However, the analysis also identified limitations such as the impracticability of certain framework criteria and inapplicable indicators. Although HIP is still at the nascent stages of EIP implementation, we have found three critical factors for EIP development in Ethiopia from our preliminary observation. These include the importance of actors, the learning process, and having standards for an indicator system. These indicators are of exceptional value to Ethiopian researchers and practitioners in integrating sustainability into local economic development.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Review and Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of eco‐industrial parks in Ethiopia: The case of Hawassa Industrial Park

Negesa

Cong

Cheng

et al. 2022

J of Industrial Ecology

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“…An overview of existing tools related to EIPs is provided in an earlier publication by UNIDO [33]. This review of existing tools (e.g., [34][35][36][37]) showed that a limited number of practical tools customized to the development and implementation of EIPs are freely available.…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…UNIDO's EIP Toolbox is available from: https://greenindustryplatform.org/GEIPP. Lessons learned from the application of the UNIDO EIP Toolbox are detailed in [33].…”

Section: Unido's Eip Assessment Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Results and Lessons Learned from Assessing 50 Industrial Parks in Eight Countries against the International Framework for Eco-Industrial Parks

et al. 2020

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Over the past two years the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) assessed 50 parks in eight developing and transition countries against 51 prerequisites and performance indicators outlined in the International Framework for Eco-Industrial Parks (International EIP Framework). The eight countries covered are: Colombia, Egypt, Indonesia, Nigeria, Peru, South Africa, Ukraine, and Viet Nam. This article provides a summary of the analysis and lessons learned from the assessments of the industrial parks and their performance against the International EIP Framework. The methodology is based on assessments of the current and intended performance of the industrial parks on four key categories (park management, environmental, social, and economic), supported by a scoring method. The analysis indicates that the International EIP Framework can be regarded as a practical and relevant means to assess the performance of industrial parks, as well as a basis to identify and prioritize EIP initiatives to strengthen their performance. There is a wide range of performance among the industrial parks assessed. Higher average current performance against the International Framework can be found in Colombia (68%), Indonesia (67%), and Viet Nam (63%). Ukraine and South Africa have the highest improvement potential (27% and 25%, respectively). Across all eight countries, the environmental and social performance categories have a lower compliance (34% and 44%, respectively) compared to economic performance (72% current compliance) and park management (55% compliance). A review of the root-causes indicates that the main compliance issue for 16 prerequisites and performance indicators outlined in the International EIP Framework seems mainly with the industrial park- and country-specific conditions. There is an opportunity to refine the formulation of five prerequisites and indicators outlined in the International EIP Framework. Across all 50 parks assessed, the following topics have the lowest current compliance: energy; local community outreach; environmental and park management and monitoring; waste and material use; and climate change and the natural environment. A low compliance with specific prerequisites and performance indicators under park management, economic, environmental, and social performance indicates a need by the industrial park for technical assistance. If high-performance industrial parks exist in a country, it implies that there is capacity in the country to develop an eco-industrial park. In this scenario, technical assistance should include a stronger focus on knowledge dissemination, sharing experiences, and peer-to-peer learning between industrial parks and the regulating authorities. Industrial parks managed by public–private partnerships and the private sector show a higher average EIP performance than industrial parks managed solely by the public sector. This seems to illustrate that industrial parks perform better if they are run like a private business or public–private partnership, rather than a government-managed initiative. This article is the first academic publication discussing the results from the application of the International EIP Framework with a large number of industrial parks in multiple countries. It is hoped that this article will encourage further EIP assessments to be undertaken in more industrial parks to assist in their transformation into eco-industrial parks.

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Circularity at Meso Level: A Sector Perspective

Ghisellini,

Patil,

van Langen

et al. 2023

Circularity Assessment: Macro to Nano

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This chapter provides an overview of the application of CE at the meso level. The authors focus on EIPs, as the most representative cases at this level. The EIPs are unique examples showing how companies can cooperate in sharing resources such as water, energy, material, by-products, and services. Case studies of EIPs (IZ NÖ-Süd in Austria and Ulsan Mipo and Onsan Industrial Park) are presented, with their environmental, economic, and social performances tracked through existing evaluation frameworks. To provide a deeper perspective on the topic, the origins, evolution, and current performances of Kalundborg Symbiosis EIP in Denmark, the well-known longstanding case of EIP are briefly summarized. Moreover, the current monitoring framework developed by the Chinese government complements the analysis. So far, China has developed the largest EIP program worldwide. Overall, the EIPs case studies show that, besides the economic benefits, EIPs provide environmental and social benefits depending on their implementation and management. In such a way, the cases show how EIPs can contribute to diversifying the industrial context in a more sustainable way and more in harmony with the natural environment and the surrounding social community.

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Lessons Learned from the Application of the UNIDO Eco-Industrial Park Toolbox in Viet Nam and Other Countries

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

Development of eco‐industrial parks in Ethiopia: The case of Hawassa Industrial Park

Development of eco‐industrial parks in Ethiopia: The case of Hawassa Industrial Park

Results and Lessons Learned from Assessing 50 Industrial Parks in Eight Countries against the International Framework for Eco-Industrial Parks

Circularity at Meso Level: A Sector Perspective

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