“…Specifically, increased student autonomy can contribute to various outcomes, including increased self-efficacy (Sibthorp, 2003); life effectiveness (Sibthorp & Arthur-Banning, 2004); and leadership, communication skills, and outdoor skills (Sibthorp et al, 2007). Several studies with OB and NOLS have found that ASE provide valuable educational experiences that are not easily replicated with close instructor supervision (Bobilya, 2004; Daniel, 2003; Daniel, Bobilya, Kalisch, & Lindley, 2010; Sibthorp et al, 2008). In fact, Daniel (2003) found that the solo and final expedition were two major course components that played significant roles in the lives of participants of a wilderness experience program even 25 years after the experience.…”