Lessons from lonely flies: Molecular and neuronal mechanisms underlying social isolation

Yadav, R. Sai Prathap; Ansari, Faizah; Bera, Neha; Kent, Clement; Agrawal, Pavan

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105504

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…These neurotransmitters should further be investigated for their role in a response to social isolation in females. Also, whether other genes, neurotransmitters and neuropeptides involved in the response to social experience, in both males and females, such as those recently reviewed by Yadav et al [ 20 ], also modulate changes in social space and sociability is still unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Social isolation causes changes to the social behaviour in several organisms, including a variety of behavioural deficits in monkeys [ 8 – 11 ]; deficits in social interactions, aggression, fear and anxiety in mice [ 12 – 18 ] and decreased social affiliation in bees [ 19 ]. In Drosophila melanogaster , social isolation leads to physiological and behavioural changes, as described in recent reviews [ 20 – 22 ]. For example, lifespan appears to depend on the social context in a complex manner, as social isolation has been reported to decrease [ 23 ] or increase [ 24 ] lifespan, possibly depending on the number of flies in the social environment, strains and diet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recovery from social isolation requires dopamine in males, but not the autism-related gene nlg3 in either sex

Yost,

Scott,

Kurbaj

et al. 2024

R. Soc. Open Sci.

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Social isolation causes profound changes in social behaviour in a variety of species. However, the genetic and molecular mechanisms modulating behavioural responses to social isolation and social recovery remain to be elucidated. Here, we quantified the behavioural response of vinegar flies to social isolation using two distinct protocols (social space preference and sociability, the spontaneous tendencies to form groups). We found that social isolation increased social space and reduced sociability. These effects of social isolation were reversible and could be reduced after 3 days of group housing. Flies with a loss of function of neuroligin3 (orthologue of autism-related neuroligin genes) with known increased social space in a socially enriched environment were still able to recover from social isolation. We also show that dopamine (DA) is needed for a response to social isolation and recovery in males but not in females. Furthermore, only in males, DA levels are reduced after isolation and are not recovered after group housing. Finally, in socially enriched flies mutant for neuroligin3 , DA levels are reduced in males, but not in females. We propose a model to explain how DA and neuroligin3 are involved in the behavioural response to social isolation and its recovery in a dynamic and sex-specific manner.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery from social isolation requires dopamine in males, but not the autism-related gene nlg3 in either sex

Yost,

Scott,

Kurbaj

et al. 2024

R. Soc. Open Sci.

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“…In Drosophila melanogaster, social interaction strongly modulates several behaviors, diminishing male-to-male aggression, decreasing food consumption and, depending on the context, increasing or decreasing sleep, among others 4 . Socialization impacts several parallel modulatory systems 5 . In particular, activity-regulated genes in dopaminergic neurons modulate aggression and sleep in response to social enrichment [6][7][8] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socialization causes long-lasting behavioral changes

Gil-Martí,

Isidro-Mézcua,

Poza-Rodriguez

et al. 2024

Preprint

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In modern human societies, social isolation acts as a negative factor for health and life quality. On the other hand, social interaction also has profound effects on animal and human behaviors, reducing aggressiveness, feeding and loss of sleep. Here, we observe that in the fly Drosophila melanogaster these behavioral changes long-last even after social interaction has ceased, suggesting that the socialization experience triggers behavioral plasticity. We find that impairing long-term memory mechanisms either genetically or by anesthesia abolishes the expected behavioral changes in response to social interaction. Furthermore, we show that socialization increases CREB-dependent neuronal activity and synaptic plasticity in the mushroom body, the main insect memory center analogous to mammalian hippocampus. We propose that social interaction triggers socialization awareness, understood as long-lasting changes in behavior caused by experience with mechanistic similarities to long-term memory formation.

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Socialization causes long-lasting behavioral changes

Gil-Martí,

Isidro-Mézcua,

Poza-Rodriguez

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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In modern human societies, social isolation acts as a negative factor for health and life quality. On the other hand, social interaction also has profound effects on animal and human, impacting aggressiveness, feeding and sleep, among many other behaviors. Here, we observe that in the fly Drosophila melanogaster these behavioral changes long-last even after social interaction has ceased, suggesting that the socialization experience triggers behavioral plasticity. These modified behaviors maintain similar levels for 24 h and persist up to 72 h, although showing a progressive decay. We also find that impairing long-term memory mechanisms either genetically or by anesthesia abolishes the expected behavioral changes in response to social interaction. Furthermore, we show that socialization increases CREB-dependent neuronal activity and synaptic plasticity in the mushroom body, the main insect memory center analogous to mammalian hippocampus. We propose that social interaction triggers socialization awareness, understood as long-lasting changes in behavior caused by experience with mechanistic similarities to long-term memory formation.

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Lessons from lonely flies: Molecular and neuronal mechanisms underlying social isolation

Cited by 3 publications

References 243 publications

Recovery from social isolation requires dopamine in males, but not the autism-related gene nlg3 in either sex

Recovery from social isolation requires dopamine in males, but not the autism-related gene nlg3 in either sex

Socialization causes long-lasting behavioral changes

Socialization causes long-lasting behavioral changes

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