Lessons from German On-shore wind farm planning

Guan, Jinjin

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1102/1/012029

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The 13th Wind Energy Five-Year Plan [13] is the strategic plan for guiding wind energy development. It puts forward the new target of optimizing the spatial designation of wind energy and balancing regional energy structure through the transformation from the model of massive and centralized wind farms in the northwest of China to the small, distributed wind farms in the southeast China [14]. The installation of distributed wind farms in densely populated areas can release burdens on grid connection and electricity transition [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting the Community Acceptance of Onshore Wind Farms: A Case Study of the Zhongying Wind Farm in Eastern China

Guan

Zepp

2020

Sustainability

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The conflict between wind energy expansion and local environmental protection has attracted attention from society and initiated a fierce discussion about the community acceptance of wind farms. There are various empirical studies on factors affecting the public acceptance of wind farms, but little concerning the correlation and significance of factors, especially in a close distance to the wind farms. This paper aims to identify, classify, and analyze the factors affecting community acceptance through literature review, questionnaire, variance analysis, and linear regression analysis. A total of 169 questionnaires was conducted in 17 villages around the Zhongying Wind Farm in Zhejiang Province, China. The factors are categorized into four groups: Location-related factors, demographic factors, environmental impact factors, and public participation factors. Through the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and linear regression analysis, the outcome shows the universal rule of community acceptance under the Chinese social background. Finally, recommendations for improving wind farm planning procedures are put forward.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting the Community Acceptance of Onshore Wind Farms: A Case Study of the Zhongying Wind Farm in Eastern China

Guan

Zepp

2020

Sustainability

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“…Referenced European countries' experiences, a semiopen planning framework provides the interface between national development goals and the implementation of wind farms at regional and local levels [10]. The flexible land use ratio considers local governments' development goals and industrial structure.…”

Section: Figure 1 Framework Of Wind Energy Planning Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Achieving energy transition through spatial planning - A case of onshore wind energy planning procedures optimization in China

Guan,

Xiong

2023

E3S Web Conf.

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Wind energy is expected to be an effective solution to mitigate climate change and environmental pollution with broad resource distribution, decarbonization characteristics, and mature technologies. However, the rapid expansion of wind energy may also bring about new issues in space allocation and land use conflicts. Integration research of wind energy into spatial planning framework is imperative. Based on the dynamic change theories and conventional energy planning process, this paper proposed a planning framework with four main phases: 1) preparation, analysis, and orientation; 2) model design; 3) optimization and systematization; 4) implementation and supervision. Under the new framework, the connotation of wind energy planning and existing issues have been re-examined, and the planning procedures have been reorganized to correspond to the Chinese spatial planning system and energy development targets. Principles, priority, and systematization measures were discussed to optimize the planning system from the organizational perspective. The newly constructed framework connected the wind energy development plan and spatial planning into well-organized procedures with definite principles, targets, implementation guidelines, and supervision mechanisms at each planning level. The outcome of the research can be utilized as a guideline strategically positioning of planning goals and content.

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“…Positive planning approaches, which prioritize energy targets and balance them with other land-use interests by identifying the respective areas needed, Land 2023, 12,1964 2 of 25 represent a shift from 'restrictive' planning approaches (cf. [24]). The latter focus on excluding sensitive areas while analyzing remaining areas for energy target achievement (compare Sweden, the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency and Swedish Energy Agency [25], in Germany, Reutter et al [18], §1 (2) Onshore Wind Energy Act (WindBG).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordination Challenges in Wind Energy Development: Lessons from Cross-Case Positive Planning Approaches to Avoid Multi-Level Governance ‘Free-Riding’

Weber

2023

Land

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Achieving national targets on renewable energy poses several challenges, especially in multi-level governance environments. Incentives and specifications on wind energy development might cause uneven progress or even discrepancies. Therefore, governments have commenced adopting ‘positive planning’ to combine energy targets with spatial and land-use planning. Yet detailed discussions regarding wind energy development remain scarce. In this paper, I explore three explanatory case studies in Germany and Sweden, aiming to provide policymakers and planners with essential knowledge while presenting significant challenges and key lessons learned. Positive planning appears to center on a strong energy target focus, limited space, and a balanced approach, shaped by the sociopolitical context. While Germany has recently embraced positive planning, Sweden started ambitiously but is encountering planning and policy challenges. Planning agencies play a vital role in promoting wind energy targets at mid-scale levels, yet legally binding targets matter. Striking a balance between energy targets and addressing land-use concerns without disregarding them requires managing a delicate trade-off. Early communication and inter-agency collaboration, as seen in Sweden, might facilitate identifying compromises, navigating trade-offs between species protection and renewable energy and offering municipal incentives. Nonetheless, negotiating satisfactory spatial trade-offs for a long-term proof of concept remains a challenge.

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Lessons from German On-shore wind farm planning

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

Factors Affecting the Community Acceptance of Onshore Wind Farms: A Case Study of the Zhongying Wind Farm in Eastern China

Factors Affecting the Community Acceptance of Onshore Wind Farms: A Case Study of the Zhongying Wind Farm in Eastern China

Achieving energy transition through spatial planning - A case of onshore wind energy planning procedures optimization in China

Coordination Challenges in Wind Energy Development: Lessons from Cross-Case Positive Planning Approaches to Avoid Multi-Level Governance ‘Free-Riding’

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