Lesiones, enfermedades y accidentes de trabajo de los conductores del autotransporte de carga en México

Abstract

Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de tres fuentes de información con datos sobre accidentes de tránsito, lesiones de causa externa y enfermedades ocupacionales ocurridas durante el periodo 2011-2015 a los conductores del autotransporte de carga de México. Se encontró que los trabajadores del tránsito terrestre tienen mayor riesgo de muerte por accidentes (Rate Ratio [RR] = 4.84, Intervalos de Confianza [IC] 95% [4.48, 5.23]) y por enfermedades laborales (RR = 1.53, IC 95% [1.46, 1.61]), que el total de trabajadores en México. Las principales causas de invalidez en los conductores de vehículos pesados se relaciona con desórdenes musculo-esqueléticos o reconocen la obesidad como uno de sus factores de riesgo (14% y 40%, respectivamente), además de que los vehículos de mayor tamaño son los que tienen el mayor riesgo de muerte por accidentes de tránsito (RR = 3.42, IC 95% [3.19, 3.65]). Por lo que conducir vehículos de carga es una de las actividades más peligrosas en cuanto a padecimientos y factores de riesgos asociados a su ocupación.

Upping the quality of employment of Mexican truck drivers

“…The European and U.S. truck causation studies suggest that the “human factor” is the basis of 80% of truck crash incidents. In the case of Mexico, a study found that drivers might be responsible for 92% of fatal crashes involving a commercial vehicle (Berrones Sanz, Cano Olivos, Sànchez Partida, & Martínez Flores, ), and that 2% of crashes happen as a result of vehicle issues and 1% due to poor road infrastructure (Berrones Sanz et al, ). Yet, most of the road safety discourse and reporting efforts focus on infrastructure ratings and the latest vehicle technology, effectively leaving out the “ elephant in the room.”…”

“…Because of the sector's characteristics, employers should keep crash records that will serve as a basis to determine policy and franchise costs (Pérez, ). Currently 452,000 transport workers are registered under the IMSS labour risk insurance (Berrones Sanz et al, ). However, many owner‐operators and other workers in non‐standard forms of employment are not covered by minimal safety nets.…”

“…However, many owner‐operators and other workers in non‐standard forms of employment are not covered by minimal safety nets. Data show that workers of those commercial vehicles involved in a crash (Berrones Sanz et al, ): only 6 % were covered by the IMSS' insurance 25% were covered by other types of insurance products ( Seguro Popular or Oportunidades ) 55% did not have any form of coverage …”

“…In between 2011 and 2015, data show that (Berrones Sanz et al, ) 8,747 drivers registered workplace injury. 77% of injuries involved the truck (Berrones Sanz et al, ); 13% were slip and falls. 14% of injured drivers were found to be under the influence of alcohol (and 0.5% under the influence of drugs). the IMSS registered 59,186 work accidents (11,837 per year) – at a rate of 2.6 accidents per 100 workers (Berrones Sanz et al, ). A total of 1,036 workers were declared and claimed disability benefits. …”

Síndrome de Guillain-Barré, brote epidémico en el Perú en junio de 2019

“…Manuel J. Loayza-Alarico, D en SP, (1)(2)(3) mloayza@yahoo.com Jhony A. De la Cruz-Vargas, D en M, (1,2) María del Socorro Alatrista, D en M. (1,2) (…”