Lesão no segmento proximal da artéria coronária descendente anterior: resultados entre o tratamento cirúrgico (mamária) e o percutâneo (stent com fármaco)

Abstract

Objectives: To correlate the permeability and clinical evolution of single and multilateral patients, bearers of obstructive atherosclerosis heart disease in the proximal third of the anterior descending coronary artery (DA), who were submitted to myocardial revascularization using the left internal mammary or underwent a drug eluting stent procedure. Method: This a case history cohort study in which two centers participated. Three hundred patients were retrospectively analyzed, whose lesions were treated at the proximal one third of the DA: in the G-1 group, 150 patients, underwent myocardial revascularization surgery and, the G-2 group, 150 patients, received drug eluting stents, 95 of them received paclitaxel and 55 received sirolimus. All major adverse cardiovascular events were registered during the period (MACE) during the period between the two procedures and the angiographic restudy. Deaths were not included in these MACE, since all patients were restudied through coronariography. There were clinical and angiographic demographic differences between the two groups: the G-1 patients showed a higher incidence of diabetes (29.3% versus 20.0%, p<0.05) and three artery atherosclerosis disease 50% versus 30.6%, p<0.05) with a lower incidence of one artery (13.3% versus 30.6%, p<0.001). Results: The permeability of the two procedures was quite high in both groups. Those patients free of MACE in G-1 RESUMOObjetivo: Correlacionar a permeabilidade e a evolução clínica de pacientes uni ou multiarteriais, portadores de doença coronária aterosclerótica obstrutiva no terço proximal da artéria coronária descendente anterior (DA), que foram submetidos a cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica utilizando a mamária interna esquerda (MIE) ou que receberam stent com eluição de fármaco (SEF). Método: Este é um estudo de coorte histórico, com a participação de dois centros. Foram analisados, retrospectivamente, 300 pacientes, nos quais foi tratada lesão no terço proximal da DA: no Grupo 1 (G-1), 150 pacientes foram submetidos a cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica e no G-2, 150 receberam SEF, 95 desses stents de paclitaxel e 55 de sirolimo. Os principais eventos cardiovasculares adversos maiores (ECAM) foram registrados no período entre ambos os procedimentos e o reestudo angiográfico. O óbito não foi incluído nesses ECAM, já que todos os pacientes foram reestudados pela coronariografia. Ocorreram diferenças demográficas clínicas e angiográficas entre os dois grupos: os pacientes do G-1 apresentavam maior incidência de diabetes (29,3% vs. 20,0%; p < 0,05) e de doença aterosclerótica triarterial (50,0% vs. 30,6%; p < 0,05), com menor incidência de uniarteriais (13,3% vs. 30,6%; p < 0,001). Resultados: A permeabilidade da DA foi bastante alta, em ambos os grupos. Os pacientes livres de ECAM no G-1 e no G-2 ficaram assim distribuídos: em 12 meses, 98% vs. 97% (NS); em 24 meses, 93% vs. 94% (NS); e em 32 meses, 89% vs. 91% (NS). Conclusão: Ambas as técnicas de revascularização miocárdica para tratar a DA apresen-

Impacto clínico da isquemia e viabilidade miocárdicas após tratamento de oclusão coronária crônica no segmento proximal da artéria descendente anterior

“…[4][5][6] In the treatment of the left anterior descending artery proximal segment, it is notable the best clinical outcomes of patients treated with DES, when compared with those treated with BMS, 7 with a similar clinical outcome to that of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery using graft from the left internal mammary artery to the left anterior descending artery. 8 Particularly in patients with chronic coronary occlusion, 9,10 and specifically in the proximal segment of the left anterior descending artery, 11 the beneficial effect of DES on clinical outcomes in the long-term when compared to patients receiving BMS is indisputable; DES is recommended by Brazilian 12 and international guidelines. 13,14 Currently, percutaneous revascularization is an excellent option in the management of chronic coronary occlusion, but proper selection of patients and a careful assessment of the anatomical lesion aspects, the availability of devices dedicated to the management of occlusions, and the availability of DES are paramount.…”