Les tensions sur l'eau en Europe et dans le bassin méditerranéen. Des crises de l'eau d'ici 2050

Verdier, Jean; Viollet, Pierre-Louis

doi:10.1051/lhb/20150075

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…A high-resolution modelling study found that 55% of the evaporation in the Mediterranean is recycled into precipitation in the same region ( Jin et al., 2011 ). Reduced atmospheric moisture supply due to climate change, urbanization and other land cover changes may already be a cause of alteration of the water cycle in this region ( Giorgi, 2006 ; Verdier and Viollet, 2015 ; Garcia Ruiz et al., 2011 ; Pausas and Millán, 2019 ), which can be expected to worsen in the future. Desalination coupled with water reuse for irrigation may reverse this trend.…”

Section: Desalination Supplements the Water Cycle Beyond Direct Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Can seawater desalination be a win-win fix to our water cycle?

et al. 2020

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While we increasingly turn to desalination as a secure water supply, it is still perceived as an expensive and environmentally damaging solution, affordable only for affluent societies. In this contribution, we recast desalination from one of a last resort to a far-reaching, climate change mitigating, water security solution. First, we argue that the benefits of desalination go beyond the single-use value of the water produced. If coupled with water reuse for irrigation, desalination reduces groundwater abstraction and augments the water cycle. As such, it may support both adaptation to, and mitigation of climate change impacts by deploying plentiful water for human use, with all the benefits that entails, while helping preserve and restore ecosystems. Second, we counter two arguments commonly raised against desalination, namely its environmental impact and high cost. The environmental impact can be fully controlled so as not to pose long-term threats, if driven by renewable energy. Desalination may then have a zero carbon footprint. Moreover, appropriately designed outfalls make the disposal of brine at sea compatible with marine ecosystems.. Recovery of energy, minerals and more water from brine reject (particularly in the form of vapour for cooling to enable more crops and vegetation to grow), while possible, is often hardly economically justified. However, resource recovery may become more attractive in the future, and help reduce the brine volumes to dispose of. When fresh water becomes scarce, its cost tends to go up, making desalination increasingly economic. Moreover, desalination can have virtually no environmental costs. Considering the environmental costs of over-abstraction of freshwater, desalination tilts the balance in its favour.

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Section: Desalination Supplements the Water Cycle Beyond Direct Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Can seawater desalination be a win-win fix to our water cycle?

et al. 2020

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“…The very special conditions of the Mediterranean Sea (fresh water at 19°C and a salinity of 38 g/l (Skliris et al, 2018), while the waters of the golf course are at 30°C and a salinity of 40.5 g/l (Ibrahim et al, 2020) mean that the operating costs of resorts located in the Mediterranean are more economical with higher returns. Algeria started to deploy desalination plants on a large scale after the water crisis of 2001; it now has around thirty desalination stations, with a total capacity of over 2 million m 3 /d (Verdier and Viollet, 2015). Libya, which is Tunisia's second neighbor country, is experiencing an intrusion of seawater into the coastal aquifer with a marked increase in salinity which reaches 7 g/l in the Tripoli region.…”

Section: Perspectives Of Potential Of Solar Energy For Water Irrigation In Tunisiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of solar desalination for irrigation in Tunisia

Zarroug¹,

Daghari²,

Kompany³

et al. 2020

La Houille Blanche

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In arid countries like Tunisia, the need to find new sources of water for irrigation has become imminent. Desalination of seawater can be an alternative to irrigation. In this article, we take a look at the leading food companies specializing in desalination for irrigation around the world and the prospects for the solar energy desalination potential for irrigation in Tunisia. We have noticed that several companies invest money to desalinate water for agricultural purposes. However, the cost of a cubic meter of water sometimes remains high to go forward in this new technology.

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“…In Algeria, the degradation of water quality in aquatic ecosystems is a problem of increasing importance as in the rest of the other countries, especially in the Mediterranean basin where water resources are limited, weak and threatened by overexploitation. (Hamdy et al, 1995;Correia, 1999;Scozzari and El Mansouri, 2011;Verdier and Viollet, 2015;Pierros et al, 1999). On the other hand, freshwater consumption leads to inevitable pollution through wastewater discharge, which directly threatens water quality and the integrity of aquatic ecosystems (Errochdi et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Water Quality of Algerien Dams

KASSOUL¹,

HADBI²

2022

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This study aims to give an overview of the water quality of forty dams located in the west and eastof Algeria. It included a Physico-chemical characterization to highlight many factors that play arole in determining the quality of these waters such as: pH, Dissolved oxygen (O2), Nitrate (NO3),Nitrite (NO2), Phosphates (PO4), Organic matter (OM), Dry residue (DR), Biochemical OxygenDemand (BOD5) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). The waters of the western dams have veryhigh dry residues, which could be linked to the terrain crossed and the high erodibility of the soilsin these regions. The highest level of nitrate (10 mg/l) was recorded in the BaniBahdel dam in thewest and similarly high values of BOD5 and COD, which show another indicator of water qualitydeterioration water at the dams in the western region. The application of statistical methods,Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) made it possibleto give a classification to these dams according to the degree of water contamination. The resultsplaced the western dams in the medium to very high pollution category. The eastern dams seemless affected by pollution.

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Les tensions sur l'eau en Europe et dans le bassin méditerranéen. Des crises de l'eau d'ici 2050

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Can seawater desalination be a win-win fix to our water cycle?

Can seawater desalination be a win-win fix to our water cycle?

Potential of solar desalination for irrigation in Tunisia

Evaluation of the Water Quality of Algerien Dams

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