Les politiques du sport en France

Abstract

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From Sport Policy to National Federation Sport Policy: An Integrative Literature Review and Conceptualisation Attempt

“…For example, Callède identifies five characteristics that describe what a public policy is, and then transposed them to a sport policy [40]. The latter would then be the display of (1) a general framework for action, (2) goals and objectives to be achieved, (3) concrete measures, (4) audiences to be reached and, finally, (5) the allocation of resources and/or regulatory prescriptions including coercive modalities.…”

The engagement of actors during the formulation of a national federation sport policy: an analysis within the French Rugby Union

“…The latter can be various: increase in the number of members, coaches, female players, detection of young talents, etc. Through a general framework for action (Callède, 2002) based on a content, measurable indicators and the definition of the roles of the actors, each entity has to be incentivised to contribute to the shared objectives. Thus, an NSF sport policy can be considered, for a federation, as a key management tool (Viollet et al, 2016): a management tool since it articulates the three heterogeneous elements identified by Hatchuel and Weil (1992) as characterising such a tool, that is, a formal substrate (content, including objectives, sporting projects and measurable indicators), a managerial philosophy (sense for the activity of the actors) and a simplified representation of the roles of the actors; a key management tool since it has an impact on the development of a sporting discipline and a national network of structures and actors.…”

“…For any organisation involved in the promotion or development of sport, the definition of its sport policy is of prime importance because it enables the organisation to set targets (Bravo and Silva, 2014;Houlihan and White, 2002), both in terms of qualitative and quantitative development of one or more sporting disciplines (Callède, 2002;Houlihan, 2000Houlihan, , 2011. Thus, the sport policy of a national federation is a key object insofar as its goal is to stimulate and develop the practice of a sport discipline (Nagel et al, 2015).…”

Fostering unorganized sport to sustain adolescent participation: empirical evidence from two European countries

“…French sporting policies are characterized by a specific elaboration related to the historically central role played by the government (Callède, 2002). The French government delegates the power to sports federations to promote and organize sport participation.…”

“…The implementation of decentralization, introduced by the law of March 2 nd 1982, has contributed to the expression of 'proximity policies'. However, local public policies have remained for the most part controlled by the government (Callède, 2002). Thus, in France, the phenomenon of peoples' adherence to sport is largely oriented by local institutions in the form of sport clubs relaying national guidelines defined by the government.…”