Les nauclères, l’entretien du port et l’implication des gens de mer dans la vie civique éphésienne

Kirbihler, François

doi:10.4000/books.pur.135447

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…1172–932 cal bc and 43 cal bc –62 cal ad at 11 m b.s.l.). This may be due to the fact that the harbour basin had once been dredged (Kraft et al ., , ; Kirbihler, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…1172-932 cal BC and 43 cal BC-62 cal AD at 11 m b.s.l.). This may be due to the fact that the harbour basin had once been dredged (Kraft et al, 2000(Kraft et al, , 2011Kirbihler, 2013). Unit 3a of core Eph 276 is a stratified silty layer of pale yellow to brown colour; it yielded ages between the first century BC to the sixth/seventh centuries AD.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human impact on Holocene sediment dynamics in the Eastern Mediterranean – the example of the Roman harbour of Ephesus

Stock

Knipping

Pint

et al. 2016

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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During the past millennia, many erosion and accumulation processes have been modified by anthropogenic impact. This holds especially true for the environs of ancient settlements and their harbours along the Mediterranean coasts. Our multi-proxy investigations in the Roman harbour and the harbour canal of Ephesus (western Turkey) reveals that humans have significantly triggered soil erosion during the last three millennia. Since the eighth century BC, and especially since the Hellenistic period, a high sedimentation rate indicates fast alluviation and delta progradation of the Küçük Menderes. Deforestation, agriculture (especially ploughing) and grazing (especially goats) were the main reasons for erosion of the river catchment area. One consequence was significant siltation of the Hellenistic/Roman harbour basin. This sediment trap archives the human impact, which was strongly enhanced from Hellenistic/Roman to Byzantine times (second/first centuries BC to the sixth/seventh centuries AD), evidenced by high sedimentation rates, raised values of heavy metal contaminations [lead (Pb), copper (Cu)], the occurrence of fruit tree pollen and of intestinal parasites. From the middle to the end of the first millennium AD, the influence of Ephesus declined, which resulted in a decrease of human impact. Studies of several ancient settlements around the Mediterranean Sea tell a comparable story. They also confirm that during their most flourishing periods the human impact totally overprinted the climatic one. To detect the latter, geo-bioarchives of relatively pristine areas have to be investigated in detail.

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“…1172–932 cal bc and 43 cal bc –62 cal ad at 11 m b.s.l.). This may be due to the fact that the harbour basin had once been dredged (Kraft et al ., , ; Kirbihler, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human impact on Holocene sediment dynamics in the Eastern Mediterranean – the example of the Roman harbour of Ephesus

Stock

Knipping

Pint

et al. 2016

Earth Surf Processes Landf

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The approximate dimensions taken from aerial photographs lead to a volume of (500 Â 400 Â 5) m 3 ¼ 1.0 Â 10 6 m 3 (see also Kirbihler, 2013;Stock et al, unpublished data). We assume that most of the sedimentary layers were deposited during short seasonal flood events of the Cayster River, whereas water running into the harbor came from different potential sources: seawater, runoff, karstic springs, and aqueducts.…”

Section: Harbor Hydraulicsmentioning

confidence: 99%