Les miroirs de l’environnement

Bernabé, Boris

doi:10.4000/books.putc.2554

Cited by 1 publication

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“…The collapse of state socialist economies has altered the functional roles of men and women within households and society at large (Kuehnast and Nechemias, 2004). State support for social services and families has been severely curtailed (UNICEF, 1999), and women's position in the labour market has deteriorated since independence in 1991 (Bernabe, 2002;World Bank 2008). The number of single-parent households (typically female-headed) is rising, due to declining marriage rates, growing divorce rates and increases in the share of children born outside of wedlock (which rose from 17.7% in 1989 to 54.4% in 2006) (UNICEF, 2008).…”

Section: The Georgian Context: Women Migration and Transitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural Responses to Changing Gender Patterns of Migration in Georgia

Hofmann

Buckley

2011

International Migration

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In this paper, we explore how individual women cope with the tensions between economic forces encouraging temporary labour migration and cultural norms tying ''proper'' women to their homes and families. Combining in-depth interviews with returned migrant women in the Georgian capital of Tbilisi with secondary migration data for the region, we illustrate the recent increases in Georgian women's participation in international labour migration. Deteriorating economic conditions in Georgia leave women with few local opportunities to financially support their families, while institutional changes have altered the accessibility and attractiveness of international destinations, leading to increasing motivations and opportunities for women's migration. Focusing on the contradictions between growing female migration and persistent adherence to cultural norms stigmatizing migration in Georgia, we explore the cognitive strategies migrant women employ in an attempt to balance internalized perceptions of acceptable gendered behaviour with their migration choices. Two key pathways of adaptation emerge: framing migration as a necessity rather than a choice and stressing the unique and individually exceptional nature of their own migration experience. We posit that these strategies may serve to limit the norm-challenging nature of women's migration in Georgia. Although migration is often described as an empowering experience for women, if women migrants work to present their migration in a way that fits within the bounds of traditional gender norms, these norms may be strengthened rather than challenged.

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Section: The Georgian Context: Women Migration and Transitionmentioning

confidence: 99%