Les insectes et leurs endosymbiotes, leur découverte de Blochmann à Buchner (1880-1930) -Deuxième partie

Perru, Olivier

doi:10.3406/linly.2007.13649

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Wild insects are associated with microbes under varied levels of dependence, ranging from mutualistic primary symbionts typically living inside specialized cells (bacteriocytes or mycetocytes) to facultative secondary symbionts often circulating in the gut and essentially integrating into a variable community (Moya et al 2008). Cockroaches are an interesting model for studying bacterial endosymbiosis, because obligate intracellular Blattabacterium species are found stably in the order Blattodea but not in termites, they are transferred vertically, they have yet to be cultured outside their hosts, and they are involved in nitrogen recycling (Brooks and Richards 1966;Perru 2007;Sabree et al 2009). Given their variable nature, cockroach secondary symbionts are less stable, but both culture-dependent and culture-independent studies have shown that some taxonomic clades are encountered more frequently.…”

Section: General Outlook For Cockroach-associated Bacteriamentioning

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Bacteria associated with cockroaches: health risk or biotechnological opportunity?

Guzman

Vilcinskas

2020

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Cockroaches have existed for 300 million years and more than 4600 extant species have been described. Throughout their evolution, cockroaches have been associated with bacteria, and today Blattabacterium species flourish within specialized bacteriocytes, recycling nitrogen from host waste products. Cockroaches can disseminate potentially pathogenic bacteria via feces and other deposits, particularly members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, but also Staphylococcus and Mycobacterium species, and thus, they should be cleared from sites where hygiene is essential, such as hospitals and kitchens. On the other hand, cockroaches also carry bacteria that may produce metabolites or proteins with potential industrial applications. For example, an antibiotic-producing Streptomyces strain was isolated from the gut of the American cockroach Periplaneta americana. Other cockroach-associated bacteria, including but not limited to Bacillus, Enterococcus, and Pseudomonas species, can also produce bioactive metabolites that may be suitable for development as pharmaceuticals or plant protection products. Enzymes that degrade industrially relevant substrates, or that convert biomasses into useful chemical precursors, are also expressed in cockroach-derived bacteria and could be deployed for use in the food/feed, paper, oil, or cosmetics industries. The analysis of cockroach gut microbiomes has revealed a number of lesser-studied bacteria that may form the basis of novel taxonomic groups. Bacteria associated with cockroaches can therefore be dangerous or useful, and this review explores the bacterial clades that may provide opportunities for biotechnological exploitation. Key points • Members of the Enterobacteriaceae are the most frequently cultivated bacteria from cockroaches. • Cultivation-independent studies have revealed a diverse community, led by the phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. • Although cockroaches may carry pathogenic bacteria, most strains are innocuous and may be useful for biotechnological applications.

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