Les herpèsvirus des oiseaux

Brugère‐Picoux, Jeanne; Miles, Andrea M.; Davison, Sherill; Nguyen, Thi Phuoc Ninh; Shivaprasad, H. L.; Vaillancourt, Jean‐Pierre

doi:10.4267/2042/48106

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…In the context of plasma metabolites, B birds had significantly higher ( P < 0.01) level of creatinine than D (29.5%), H (32.8%), M (38.8%), and E (36.6%) birds. Although the creatinine level in B birds was significantly ( P < 0.05) higher than in slow-growing birds, it was not higher than the normal level of 15-37 mmol/L suggested by Brugere-Picoux et al. (2015) .…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 60%

Research Note: Comparative gastrointestinal, tibia, and plasma attributes in 48-day-old fast- and slow-growing broiler chicken strains

et al. 2020

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Emerging market differentiation for broiler meat from strains exhibiting a range of growth rates is necessitating comparative research on various physiological and production aspects of these strains. The objective of the present study was to compare select gastrointestinal, tibial, and plasma attributes in a sample of 48-day-old (50 male and 50 female) broilers obtained from fast-and slow-growing flocks maintained under similar feed and management regimens. Eight birds were randomly selected from a fast (B; representative of modern commercial strains) and each of the 4 slow-growing strains ( SG ; D, H, M, and E). The strains differed by estimated time to reach 2.2 kg bodyweight corresponding to 36, 50, 42, 44, and 50 D for B, D, H, M, and E, respectively. Blood samples were collected to determine plasma metabolites, and birds were subsequently euthanized, weighed, and necropsied for gizzard and small intestine weight, jejunal tissue for histomorphology, ceca digesta samples for concentration of short-chain fatty acids ( SCFA ) and left tibia for ash content. Gizzard was heavier ( P < 0.01) for D, H, and M than that for B and E, whereas the small intestine was lighter ( P < 0.01) for B, D, and H than for M and E. There were no ( P > 0.05) strain differences on SCFA, jejunal villus height and crypt depth, plasma proteins, and electrolytes. Strains D, H, and M exhibited higher ( P = 0.01) tibia ash concentration than B; E was intermediate and not different ( P > 0.05) from any strain. Specifically, the tibia ash for B, D, H, SG 3, and E were 1.24, 1.44, 1.43, 1.49, and 1.39 g/kg BW, respectively. The B birds showed higher ( P < 0.01) plasma concentrations of aspartate transaminase, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatinine than SG strains. In conclusion, although B and some SG strains had lighter gastrointestinal tract indicative of energy efficiency, higher circulating plasma enzymes in B birds suggested impaired hepatic function. Moreover, lower tibia ash in B suggested disproportionate body mass relative to skeletal support.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 60%

Research Note: Comparative gastrointestinal, tibia, and plasma attributes in 48-day-old fast- and slow-growing broiler chicken strains

et al. 2020

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“…Colibacillosis is a systemic fatal disease, which occurs when an E. coli strain escapes digestive barriers and invades the internal organs. It is reported as the most common infectious disease in poultry and is prevalent in laying production; its economic impact is substantial in the poultry industry [ 1 , 2 ] and potentially in public health [ 3 ]. In commercial layers, colisepticemia/polyserositis, peritonitis/oviduct infection/oophoritis, swollen head syndrome and colibacillosis of the lower respiratory system have been described in adult birds, while omphalitis is also observed in day-old chicks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Assessment of the Level of Protection Against Colibacillosis Conferred by Several Autogenous and/or Commercial Vaccination Programs in Conventional Pullets upon Experimental Challenge

Koutsianos

Gantelet

Franzo

et al. 2020

Veterinary Sciences

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The prevention of avian colibacillosis has historically been investigated through vaccination, with variable outcomes. Commercial live (attenuated) and inactivated vaccines are reported to have limited efficacy in the context of heterologous challenge. Autogenous vaccination, using field isolates, is widely used, but scarcely documented. Different vaccination programs, including a live commercial vaccine and/or an inactivated autogenous vaccine, were compared for three different avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strain (serotypes O78, O18 and O111) challenges. On the pullet farm, four groups of conventional pullets received different vaccination protocols. Group A was kept unvaccinated (control group). Group B was vaccinated three times with a live commercial O78 E. coli vaccine (at one day old, 59 and 110 days of age). Group C was immunized twice (at 79 and 110 days) with a three-valence autogenous vaccine (O78, O18 and O111). Group D was vaccinated first with the commercial vaccine (at one day old and 59 days), then with the autogenous vaccine (110 days). Birds were transferred to the experimental facility at 121 days of age and were challenged 10 days later. In each group, 20 birds were challenged with one of the three APEC strains (O78, O18, O111); in total, 80 birds were challenged by the same strains (20 per group). The recorded outcomes were: mortality rate, macroscopic lesion score in target organs and the bacterial recovery of the challenge strain from bone marrow and pooled organs. When challenged with O78 or O111 strains, birds from groups C and D proved to be significantly better protected, in terms of lesion scoring and bacteriological isolation, than those of groups A and B. With the O18 challenge, only birds of group D presented a statistically significant reduction of their lesion score. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report on the efficacy of an immunization program in poultry that combines commercial and autogenous vaccines.

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Les herpèsvirus des oiseaux

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

Research Note: Comparative gastrointestinal, tibia, and plasma attributes in 48-day-old fast- and slow-growing broiler chicken strains

Research Note: Comparative gastrointestinal, tibia, and plasma attributes in 48-day-old fast- and slow-growing broiler chicken strains

An Assessment of the Level of Protection Against Colibacillosis Conferred by Several Autogenous and/or Commercial Vaccination Programs in Conventional Pullets upon Experimental Challenge

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