Résumé -
Mots clés : Envenimation scorpionique, facteurs pronostiques, décès, MarocAbstract -Objective: The objective of our study was to identify the prognostic factors of death by scorpion envenomation in the region of Marrakech. Methods: We conducted a case-control study. It involved children hospitalized in the pediatric intensive care unit of the University Hospital of Marrakech after a scorpion envenomation between 1 October 2009 and 31 October 2012. An operating sheet was filled with the records of hospitalizations designed by the Poison Control Center of Morocco. Cases (n = 30) are represented by the children living in the area and who died during their hospitalization. For each case, we selected four witnesses among the survivors. A descriptive analysis, bi-and multivariate, was performed. Results: The median age was 5 years [2 months-14 years]. The M/F sex ratio was 1.5. The median delay between the bite and admission to the intensive care unit (TPP2) was 3 h 40 min [30 min-25 h]. Clinical signs commonly reported were vomiting (83%), priapism (72%) and sweating (70%). Biologically, leukocytosis, the hemostasis disorders, hyperglycemia and hyperuremia were statistically related to the death. Multivariate analysis showed that TPP2 > 5 h increased the risk of progressing to death five times, adjusting for age and vital distress (CI 95% 1.6-17). Conclusion: The upgrade of technical equipment and specialized personnel in the provincial resuscitation units are key elements to reduce TPP2, which is an important prognostic factor of death by scorpion envenomation in the Marrakech-Tensift-Al Haouz region.