The myicolid copepod Myicola metisiensis is redescribed from topotypes and other specimens found in Mya arenaria in Quebec and New Brunswick. The family Myicolidae comprises three closely related genera, Myicola, Ostrincola, and Pseudomyicola, all parasitic in bivalve mollusks. A new family, the Anthessiidae, includes five genera previously placed in the Myicolidae, Anthessius, Katanthessius, Neanthessius, Panaietis, and Rhinomolgus.