Leptospirosis in children in Mumbai slums

Karande, Sunil; Kulkarni, Hemant; Kulkarni, Madhuri; De, Anuradha; Varaiya, A

doi:10.1007/bf02723705

Cited by 60 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…4 Leptospirosis has been recognized as an important infectious disease in developing countries and has also been recognized as a problem of urban slum communities in the major cities of Brazil and other countries. [5][6][7][8] Typically, urban slums are densely populated and underserved by health, education, water, and sanitation services. Urban slums are composed of informal housing structures and characterized by high levels of poverty.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Related to Leptospirosis among Urban Slum Residents in Brazil

Araújo

Finkmoore²,

Ribeiro³

et al. 2013

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Related to Leptospirosis among Urban Slum Residents in Brazil

Araújo

Finkmoore²,

Ribeiro³

et al. 2013

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…3 However, the incidence and disease spectrum of pediatric and adult leptospirosis are not well-described in most areas, and precise information on the frequency and types of severe manifestations in sizeable pediatric populations is limited. [4][5][6] Experienced clinicians in disease-endemic areas commonly believe that leptospirosis produces milder symptoms among children. [5][6][7] In adult case series, approximately 5-10% of human infections indicate severe disease, including the classic Weil's syndrome triad of acute renal failure, jaundice, and hemorrhage (with or without severe pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome [SPHS]) and case-fatality rates ranging from 5-15% (Weil's) to !…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Severe Pediatric and Adult Leptospirosis in São Paulo, Brazil

Spichler¹,

Athanazio²,

Vilaça³

et al. 2012

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Although leptospirosis may be fatal in childhood, the experience of many clinicians working in diseaseendemic areas is that classic Weil's disease and death are less common among pediatric patients. The aim of the study was to ascertain disease spectrum and outcome differences in severe pediatric and adult leptospirosis in a large at-risk population. Epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory data were obtained on hospitalized cases from Sã o Paulo during [2004][2005][2006]. A total of 42 case-patients < 18 years of age and 328 case-patients ! 18 years of age were tested during the study. Compared with children, adults had higher rates of jaundice (P = 0.01), elevated serum bilirubin levels (P < 0.01), oliguria (P = 0.02), and elevated creatinine levels (P = 0.01) but not for thrombocytopenia or pulmonary involvement. The overall case-fatality rate was 27% (adult) versus 5% (pediatric) (P < 0.01). Severe pediatric leptospirosis may be less likely to show all classic features of Weil's disease and may be less fatal than in adults.

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“…Evidence of myocardial involvement was detected in 10% of 80 severe icteric cases in Louisiana [1], while in India and Sri Lanka -in over 40% of patients [7,8,[26][27][28]. Arrhythmias were predictors of myocarditis (OR 5.774) in severe leptospirosis cases in Sri Lanka [8], and in Brazilian series (OR 2.83) [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Pediatric and Adult Leptospirosis in Pleven Region, Bulgaria

Gancheva¹

2017

SJCM

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Abstract:Leptospirosis is worldwide re-emerging zoonosis with protean clinical manifestations. The more common mild, anicteric form is characterized by nonspecific symptoms such as fever, headache, chills, myalgia, nausea and abdominal pain. The severe, potentially fatal form (Weil's disease) typically presenting as triad of jaundice, acute renal failure (ARF), and hemorrhage is estimated to occur in 5-15% of all human infections with mortality rate up to 40%. Elder age is one of poor prognostic factors in leptospirosis. There are few studies about leptospirosis in children and no one comparative study of pediatric and adult leptospirosis in regions with temperate climate. Our aims were to describe retrospectively the disease spectrum and outcome differences in children and adults with leptospirosis over a period of 41 years and to compare severity in different age groups. The study material comprised the data from 105 consecutive leptospirosis cases from Central Northern Bulgaria treated in Clinic of Infectious Diseases at University Hospital -Pleven (1976-2016) (95 male, age 37±18 years, lethal outcome in 12.38%), followed by comparative analysis of group of children (age ≤17-years-old; N 1 =13) versus group of adults (age ≥18 years-old; N 2 =92). Results: Fever (100%), hepatomegaly (92%), conjunctival suffusions (88%), myalgia (87%), nausea and vomiting (84%), shivering (79%), splenomegaly (74%), headache (65%), jaundice (64%), oliguria (58%), tachycardia (55%), hypotension (50%), abdominal pain (41%), and hemorrhagic diathesis (37%) were the most characteristic manifestations in whole series. Only headache and meningitis had had a significantly higher prevalence in the group of children. Leucocytosis, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, serum bilirubin, aminotransferases, gamma glutamyl tranferase (GGT) and serum amylase levels were significantly higher in group of adults. Potassium level, total protein and albumins were significantly lower in the same group. The distribution of cases in whole series according to severity was as follows: mild cases -27, moderate -44 cases and severe -34 cases. In group of children seven mild and six moderate cases had been observed versus 20 mild, 38 moderate and 34 severe cases in the group of adults. All thirteen deceased patients were adults. We concluded that in Pleven region, leptospirosis in children usually is mild and anicteric. The leptospiral meningitis is not unusual manifestation for pediatric leptospirosis. The major factors leading to death in adults with leptospirosis were lung edema and brain edema due to severe ARF.

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Leptospirosis in children in Mumbai slums

Abstract: Leptospirosis has emerged as an infectious disease in Mumbai. During monsoon, parents should ensure that their child does not have contact with the contaminated flood water.

Cited by 60 publications

References 12 publications

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Related to Leptospirosis among Urban Slum Residents in Brazil

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Related to Leptospirosis among Urban Slum Residents in Brazil

Comparative Analysis of Severe Pediatric and Adult Leptospirosis in São Paulo, Brazil

Comparative Analysis of Pediatric and Adult Leptospirosis in Pleven Region, Bulgaria

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