Leptospirosis and One Health Perspective

Bulcha, Mati Roba; Bune, Wakuma Mitiku

doi:10.12691/ajphr-9-4-9

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…An anicteric form similar to influenza may occur, with symptoms including fever, myalgia, headache, abdominal pain, nonproductive cough, and conjunctival suffusion. In 5–10% of the cases, jaundice or hepatonephrotic syndrome is present, which is also known as “Weil disease,” and is characterized by severe multi-organ dysfunction [ 9 ], wherein myocarditis, hemorrhages, uveitis, and multi-organ failure have also been described, possibly leading to death [ 33 ]. Leptospirosis is often misdiagnosed as aseptic meningitis, influenza, liver disease, fever of unknown origin, or tropical diseases, such as malaria or yellow fever, and other pathologies as infection by hantavirus, rickettsiosis, borreliosis, brucellosis, or toxoplasmosis because of the variety of the symptoms seen in people [ 2 , 32 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transmission of leptospirosis from animals to humans is more frequent in occupationally exposed groups, such as agricultural workers, people who work with livestock, veterinarians, tourists, and pet owners [ 33 ]. Cases are detected worldwide, but are more frequent in rural and urban environments, which highlights the prevalence reported in Latin America and mainly in South American countries [ 9 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to perform studies, either bibliographic reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, or epidemiological surveys with different designs, such as cross-sectional, case–control, and cohort studies, to maintain a constant update on the existing knowledge regarding the disease. As a result of the intensification of the interaction between animals and humans in natural environments, leptospirosis is considered an emerging zoonosis of global public interest [ 33 ]. For this reason, it is an excellent example of “One Health” [ 91 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, it is an excellent example of “One Health” [ 91 ]. This approach is essential, since in leptospirosis human infection invariably results from exposure to animals or environments, which are contaminated by infected animals [ 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Basic Aspects and Epidemiological Studies on Leptospirosis Carried Out in Animals in Chile: A Bibliographic Review

Azócar-Aedo

2023

TropicalMed

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Leptospirosis is an important zoonosis worldwide. This disease affects numerous animal species, some of them are classified as “maintenance hosts”, and others are categorized as “incidental hosts”. Humans are at risk of becoming infected by having contact with domestic and wild animals. In this paper, general aspects of the etiology and transmission of leptospirosis are addressed, data regarding the clinical presentation of the pathology in humans and animals are also presented, and the results of some epidemiological studies on leptospirosis carried out in Chile in different animal species and humans are summarized through a bibliographic review of the literature. The research on domestic canines and horses stands out in terms of their number in the country, with prevalences between 12.0% and 59.1% in dogs and from 23.3% to 65.4% in equids. Studies have been performed on domestic felines in recent years with frequencies ranging from 3.0% to 25.2%, as well as on wild animals (mainly in mammals). In pigs, cattle, sheep, and goats, the information is scarce, with little updated research dating back several decades and variable prevalence rates, which are generally high, except for in sheep. Leptospirosis is a disease of varied etiology in terms of infecting species, serovars and serogroups, which influences its epidemiology, and its prevalence is variable in different animals. An increase in the awareness given to this pathology in human and veterinary public health is required, as well as more scientific studies in Chile, to update the existing knowledge.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Basic Aspects and Epidemiological Studies on Leptospirosis Carried Out in Animals in Chile: A Bibliographic Review

Azócar-Aedo

2023

TropicalMed

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“…(16) This approach is essential because in Leptospira, human infection invariably results either from direct animal exposure or from contact to environments contaminated by infected animals. (17) The humananimalenvironment interaction in Leptospira infection can help to increase the knowledge about the emergence of new cases, which is a major challenge. (18,19) Metaanalysis combines the findings of different studies into single pooled results; is a powerful tool of synthesis for scientific research.…”

Section: Global Prevalence and Epidemiology Of Leptospirosis In Domes...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Global prevalence and epidemiology of leptospirosis in domestic cats, a systematic review and meta-analysis

Azócar-Aedo

2022

Vet Mex OA

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Research worldwide describes different prevalences of leptospirosis in domestic cats. The aims of this study were: to perform a systematic review to determine epidemiologic characteristics of published observational studies on leptospirosis, and to obtain pooled measures of the global prevalence of the disease with a meta-analysis for studies using indirect diagnostic tests (M1) and direct diagnostic tests (M2). A bibliographic search to find observational epidemiological studies reporting the prevalence of leptospirosis in cats was performed. The geographic location and decade of publication of the studies, serovars, serogroups and factors associated with Leptospira infection were summarized through a systematic review. Meta-analyses were achieved to obtain the pooled global prevalence (M1 and M2), prevalences according to the continent and origin of the sampled cats. 139 articles were found, and 93 were selected. In 16 articles, Leptospira serogroups were recorded and seropositivity was more frequent for Icterohaemorragiae, Australis, Autumnalis, Pomona. In 59 articles, the serovars were reported, being the most common reactions for Pomona, Grippotyphosa and Canicola. The M1 included 83 articles; the pooled prevalence was 11.09 % (95 % CI = 8.68–13.73). The M2 comprised 23 studies and the pooled prevalence was 9.22 % (95 % CI = 4.30–15.41). A subgroup analysis revealed higher pooled prevalences in Oceania and Europe, shelter, rural and outdoor cats in studies using indirect diagnostic tests and in Asia, stray cats and veterinary hospital patients in studies with direct tests.

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LIC_12757 from the pathogenic spirochaete Leptospira interrogans encodes an autoregulated ECF σE-type factor

Kędzierska-Mieszkowska,

Kędzierska,

Potrykus

2024

Veterinary Microbiology

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Leptospirosis and One Health Perspective

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Basic Aspects and Epidemiological Studies on Leptospirosis Carried Out in Animals in Chile: A Bibliographic Review

Basic Aspects and Epidemiological Studies on Leptospirosis Carried Out in Animals in Chile: A Bibliographic Review

Global prevalence and epidemiology of leptospirosis in domestic cats, a systematic review and meta-analysis

LIC_12757 from the pathogenic spirochaete Leptospira interrogans encodes an autoregulated ECF σE-type factor

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