Leptospirosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Co-Infection Among Febrile Inpatients in Northern Tanzania

Biggs, Holly M.; Galloway, Renee L.; Bui, Duy M.; Morrissey, Annie B.; Maro, Venance P.; Crump, John A.

doi:10.1089/vbz.2012.1205

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This result is similar to that of a hospital-based study in Tanzania. 31 Biggs et al 31 did not offer an explanation for this finding and concluded that further investigation of coinfection in HIV and leptospirosis endemic areas was warranted. A study in India showed that mortality was high in coinfected individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Risk factors for leptospirosis seropositivity in slaughterhouse workers in western Kenya

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesLeptospirosis has been documented in slaughterhouse workers around the world. Risk factors include smoking and drinking at work, and performing tasks such as cleaning offal. This paper examined risk factors for leptospirosis seropositivity in slaughterhouse workers in western Kenya.MethodsThe study was conducted between May 2011 and October 2012. Questionnaires were used to collect information from workers on demographic data, health and hygiene practices in the slaughterhouse. A commercial ELISA detected antibodies to Leptospira spp. in serum samples and multilevel logistic regression analysis identified factors associated with leptospirosis seropositivity.ResultsA total of 737 workers from 142 slaughterhouses were recruited. The seroprevalence of antibodies to Leptospira spp. was 13.4% (95% CI 11.1% to 16.1%). Risk factors included: having wounds (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.5 to 6.1); smoking (OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.1 to 2.9); eating at work (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.2 to 3.6); cleaning the offal (OR 5.1; 95% CI 1.8 to 15.0); and having a borehole for personal water use (OR 2.3; 95% CI 1.1 to 4.7). At the slaughterhouse level, risk factors included having a roof (OR 2.6; 95% CI 1.2 to 5.6) and drawing water from a well (OR 2.2; 95% CI 1.2 to 4.0). Protective factors included working in slaughterhouses where antemortem inspection was conducted (OR 0.6; 95% CI 0.4 to 1.0) and where workers wore protective aprons (OR 0.4; 95% CI 0.2 to 0.7).ConclusionsThis is the first report of leptospirosis seropositivity in slaughterhouse workers in Kenya. Potential risk factors were identified and this information can be used to educate workers regarding their disease risks and ways to prevent or reduce transmission.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Risk factors for leptospirosis seropositivity in slaughterhouse workers in western Kenya

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The disease may cause not only fever but it can also lead to renal and liver failure [3]. In immunocompromised patients, it may have a severe course and be associated with elevated mortality [32]. As mentioned before, fungal infections may occur after skin inoculation.…”

Section: Skin Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These infections are potentially associated with increased severity and mortality in immunocompromised patients [9]. Sometimes, travel-acquired fungal infections may reveal, for example, a HIV infection, as fungal infections are one of the most common opportunistic diseases [32]. Fungal infections may occur as a consequence of inhalation or skin inoculation and in both cases it may disseminate, due to the impaired immunity system.…”

Section: Pulmonary Diseases and Systemic Fungal Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunocompromised travellers

Wasilczuk¹,

Korzeniewski²

2017

International Maritime Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Given a better quality of life and extended life expectancy in patients with immune suppression, the number of immunocompromised travellers is constantly growing. The aim of the article is to discuss travel-related health problems in immunocompromised patients, their most common destinations and reasons to travel, as well as complications associated with travel to regions with harsh environmental conditions. The article focuses on selected groups of immunocompromised travellers (ICTs), i.e., cancer patients, transplant patients receiving immunosuppressant agents, splenectomised patients and HIV-infected individuals. The most common infections and complications, including traveller's diarrhoea, vector-borne diseases (yellow fever, malaria, leishmaniasis, dengue, chikungunya), respiratory infections (including tuberculosis), and dermatoses were taken into account. Preventive measures dedicated to ICTs (pre-travel consultation, vaccinations, malaria chemoprophylaxis, prevention during travelling) have been also characterised.

show abstract

“…In a series of nine HIV-infected patients with leptospirosis, 67% presented with severe sepsis and the mortality was 22%. 25 Data on the severity of leptospirosis in other immunocompromised populations are lacking. Nocardiosis in SOT recipients is associated with a high incidence of disseminated disease, particularly with central nervous system involvement.…”

Section: Other Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of infections in critically ill returning travellers in the intensive care unit—II: clinical syndromes and special considerations in immunocompromised patients

Rello

Manuel

Eggimann

et al. 2016

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This position paper is the second ESCMID Consensus Document on this subject and aims to provide intensivists, infectious disease specialists, and emergency physicians with a standardized approach to the management of serious travel-related infections in the intensive care unit (ICU) or the emergency department. This document is a cooperative effort between members of two European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) study groups and was coordinated by Hakan Leblebicioglu and Jordi Rello for ESGITM (ESCMID Study Group for Infections in Travellers and Migrants) and ESGCIP (ESCMID Study Group for Infections in Critically Ill Patients), respectively. A relevant expert on the subject of each section prepared the first draft which was then edited and approved by additional members from both ESCMID study groups. This article summarizes considerations regarding clinical syndromes requiring ICU admission in travellers, covering immunocompromised patients.

show abstract

Leptospirosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Co-Infection Among Febrile Inpatients in Northern Tanzania

Cited by 17 publications

References 25 publications

Risk factors for leptospirosis seropositivity in slaughterhouse workers in western Kenya

Risk factors for leptospirosis seropositivity in slaughterhouse workers in western Kenya

Immunocompromised travellers

Management of infections in critically ill returning travellers in the intensive care unit—II: clinical syndromes and special considerations in immunocompromised patients

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About