Leptospira

Adler, Ben; Faine, S.

doi:10.1002/9780470688618.taw0072

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…These strains were preserved as glycerol stocks at −80°C. Before our experiment, the stocks were thawed and subcultured as static cultures either in EMJH or Korthof's medium (3) at 30°C in aerobic conditions until the growth became confluent. Prior to inoculation, the bacteria were enumerated under a dark‐field microscope using a Thoma counting chamber.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At present, medium containing 5‐fluorouracil is widely used for the selective isolation of Leptospira even though it does not inhibit most Gram‐negative bacteria and fungi. In addition to 5‐fluorouracil, some antimicrobial agents have been used empirically to prevent growth of contaminants in Leptospira cultures (3). One important drawback of using these agents is that their effects on the growth of leptospires and contaminants have not been thoroughly explored.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Novobiocin was also found to be ineffective against Leptospira in another study (5). PLB and NA have been reported to be useful in the selective isolation of Leptospira (3). Glycine and CL are used in the selective isolation of Legionella (6) and LM is used in the selective medium for Neisseria gonorrhoeae (7).…”

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confidence: 99%

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A novel combination of selective agents for isolation of Leptospira species

Chakraborty

Miyahara

Villanueva

et al. 2011

Microbiology and Immunology

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A novel combination of antimicrobial agents (sulfamethoxazole, 40 μg/mL; trimethoprim, 20 μg/mL; amphotericin B, 5 μg/mL; fosfomycin, 400 μg/mL; and 5-fluorouracil, 100 μg/mL) was developed for selective isolation of leptospires from contaminated samples. The growth of 16 microorganisms considered as possible contaminants during isolation of Leptospira were inhibited by this antimicrobial cocktail. In contrast, the growth of a smaller inoculum (10 1 cells per mL) of 25 Leptospira strains (representing 18 serovars/serogroups of 5 species) was not suppressed by this antimicrobial combination. This cocktail, after being incorporated into Leptospira growth medium (Korthof 's), successfully detected leptospires in environmental soil and water. Based on the results, this selective medium has the potential to meet the existing need for an effective selective medium for the isolation of Leptospira.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel combination of selective agents for isolation of Leptospira species

Chakraborty

Miyahara

Villanueva

et al. 2011

Microbiology and Immunology

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“…The parent strain L495 was isolated from rat kidney in the Philippines and was obtained from Dr. N. Koizumi, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan. M1307 was grown in Korthof’s medium [ 27 ] with kanamycin (25 μg/ml) at 30°C without shaking. Leptospires were counted using a Thoma cell counting chamber (Sunlead Glass Corp., Saitama, Japan).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipose tissue is the first colonization site of Leptospira interrogans in subcutaneously infected hamsters

et al. 2017

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Leptospirosis is one of the most widespread zoonoses in the world, and its most severe form in humans, “Weil’s disease,” may lead to jaundice, hemorrhage, renal failure, pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome, and sometimes,fatal multiple organ failure. Although the mechanisms underlying jaundice in leptospirosis have been gradually unraveled, the pathophysiology and distribution of leptospires during the early stage of infection are not well understood. Therefore, we investigated the hamster leptospirosis model, which is the accepted animal model of human Weil’s disease, by using an in vivo imaging system to observe the whole bodies of animals infected with Leptospira interrogans and to identify the colonization and growth sites of the leptospires during the early phase of infection. Hamsters, infected subcutaneously with 104 bioluminescent leptospires, were analyzed by in vivo imaging, organ culture, and microscopy. The results showed that the luminescence from the leptospires spread through each hamster’s body sequentially. The luminescence was first detected at the injection site only, and finally spread to the central abdomen, in the liver area. Additionally, the luminescence observed in the adipose tissue was the earliest detectable compared with the other organs, indicating that the leptospires colonized the adipose tissue at the early stage of leptospirosis. Adipose tissue cultures of the leptospires became positive earlier than the blood cultures. Microscopic analysis revealed that the leptospires colonized the inner walls of the blood vessels in the adipose tissue. In conclusion, this is the first study to report that adipose tissue is an important colonization site for leptospires, as demonstrated by microscopy and culture analyses of adipose tissue in the hamster model of Weil’s disease.

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IL-10 Deficiency Protects Hamsters from Leptospira Infection

Xie

et al. 2022

Infect Immun

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Leptospirosis is a globally spread zoonotic disease with outcomes ranging from subclinical infection to fatal Weil syndrome. In addition to antibiotics, some immune activators have shown protective effects against leptospirosis. However, the unclear relationship between Leptospira and cytokines, has limited the development of antileptospiral immunomodulators. In this study, the particular role of IL-10 in leptospirosis was explored by using IL-10 defective (IL-10 -/- ) hamsters. After Leptospira infection, an improved survival rate, reduced leptospiral burden and alleviation of organ lesions were found in IL-10 -/- hamsters compared with WT hamsters. In addition, the gene expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α and the NO level were higher in IL-10 -/- hamsters than in WT hamsters. Our results indicate that IL-10 deficiency protects hamsters from Leptospira infection.

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Leptospira

Cited by 3 publications

References 91 publications

A novel combination of selective agents for isolation of Leptospira species

A novel combination of selective agents for isolation of Leptospira species

Adipose tissue is the first colonization site of Leptospira interrogans in subcutaneously infected hamsters

IL-10 Deficiency Protects Hamsters from Leptospira Infection

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