Leptomeningeal Metastasis

O'Meara, W; Borkar, Sunita; Stambuk, Hilda E.; Lymberis, S.

doi:10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2007.07.001

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 197 publications

(221 reference statements)

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“…Saito et al [19] classified the LM into a "diffuse type" of dissemination with diffuse enhancement of the subarachnoid space on spinal MRI, a "nodular type" with a nodular tumor mass, and a "mixed type" with diffuse and nodular features. Three growth patterns of LM, thin diffuse coating of the meninges, plaque-like, and nodular deposits, were described by O'Meara et al [20]. All classifications were based on a single glioma with intracrainal metastases, and seldom contained the characteristics of LM in the spinal canal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptomeningeal metastasis from central nervous system tumors: A study of classification and stage in the spinal canal of 58 patients

Zhang

et al. 2012

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is caused by the spread of malignant tumor cells into the subarachnoid space. However, classification and staging of LM in the spinal canal is rare in the literature. The authors reviewed the records of 58 Chinese patients with LM for clinical features, neuroimaging, and treatments. Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain and spinal cord were performed in all patients. Removal of intracranial tumors was performed in all patients and diagnoses were confirmed by histology. The study group consisted of 58 patients, with 29 cases presenting with intraspinal symptoms. Of the 58, 8 patients underwent intraspinal tumor removal, 8 received radiotherapy alone, 9 received chemotherapy alone, and 34 patients received combined radiochemotherapy. We classified LM into 3 types: type L or leptomeninges LM, is subdivided into 2 subtypes (subtype LI and LII (a,b)), type N or nerve root LM is subdivided into 2 subtypes (subtype NI and NII (a,b)), and type M or mixed-type LM. We also divided LM into stages of I-IV according to the symptoms and the volume of the tumor based on spinal axial MRI. Type LI LM often occurs in patients with intracranial and intraspinal tumors found simultaneously. Patients who receive surgery for intracranial tumors may present with type N LM. Surgery is suitable for patients with NI LM and LIIb LM in stages III-IV, presenting with severe spinal symptoms. The prognosis is better for type N LM than type L LM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptomeningeal metastasis from central nervous system tumors: A study of classification and stage in the spinal canal of 58 patients

Zhang

et al. 2012

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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“…El tratamiento se fundamenta en la quimioterapia intratecal y ocasionalmente radioterapia si se detectan lesiones focales y sintomáticas. A pesar del tratamiento el pronóstico es ominoso con medianas de supervivencia entre 2 y 3 meses (10,11) .…”

Section: Carcinomatosis Meníngeaunclassified

Complicaciones neurológicas del paciente con cáncer

López¹,

Valle²,

Ferrer³

et al. 2011

Psicooncología

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ResumenLos avances de las últimas décadas tanto en el diagnóstico como en tratamiento del cáncer han conseguido aumentar la supervivencia, lo que ha conllevado un aumento de las complicaciones neurológicas. Estas complicaciones pueden ser debidas tanto al propio cáncer como al tratamiento y en ocasiones son la primera manifestación de la enfermedad oncológica. Algunas de estas complicaciones son potencialmente reversibles por ello el diagnóstico precoz y su tratamiento correcto pueden mejorar los síntomas neurológicos y la calidad de vida de estos pacientes. En el presente artículo haremos una revisión de las principales complicaciones neurológicas del paciente con cáncer con una orientación diagnóstica y terapéutica.Palabras clave: Cáncer, complicación, neurología, síndrome, paraneoplásico, quimioterapia, radioterapia. AbstractThe advances of recent decades in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer have managed to increase survival, but this has produced an increase in neurological complications. These complications can be caused by cancer and its treatment and sometimes can be the first manifestation of cancer disease. Some of these complications are potentially reversible so that early diagnosis and proper treatment can improve the neurological symptoms and quality of life of these patients. In this article we will review major neurological complications of cancer patients and also do a diagnostic and therapeutic orientation.

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“…The incidence of LM in cancer patients varies with the type of primary cancer as well as the stage of the disease, but it is often broadly estimated to range between 5 and 15% [2][3][4][5][6][7]. In patients with solid tumors, LM occurs in an estimated 5-18% of patients [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel approaches to treating leptomeningeal metastases

Grewal¹,

Saria

Kesari

2011

J Neurooncol

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Leptomeningeal metastasis is a devastating complication of the central nervous system in patients with late-stage solid or hematological cancers. Leptomeningeal metastasis results from the multifocal seeding of the leptomeninges by malignant cancer cells. Although central nervous system metastasis usually presents in patients with widely disseminated and progressive late-stage cancer, malignant cells may spread to the cerebrospinal fluid during earlier disease stages in particularly aggressive cancers. Treatment of leptomeningeal metastasis is largely palliative but will often provide stabilization and protection from further neurological deterioration and improve quality of life. There is a need to raise awareness of the impact of leptomeningeal metastases on cancer patients and its known and putative biological basis. Novel diagnostic approaches include identification of biomarkers that may stratify the risk for developing leptomeningeal metastasis. Current therapies can be used more effectively while waiting for advanced treatments to be developed.

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Leptomeningeal Metastasis

Cited by 20 publications

References 197 publications

Leptomeningeal metastasis from central nervous system tumors: A study of classification and stage in the spinal canal of 58 patients

Leptomeningeal metastasis from central nervous system tumors: A study of classification and stage in the spinal canal of 58 patients

Complicaciones neurológicas del paciente con cáncer

Novel approaches to treating leptomeningeal metastases

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