Leptin as a Metabolic Regulator During Fetal and Neonatal Life and in Childhood and Adolescence

Kieß, Wieland; Siebler, Thomas; Englaro, Piera; Kratzsch, Jürgen; Deutscher, J; Meyer, Kara; Gallaher, B. W.; Blum, WF

doi:10.1515/jpem.1998.11.4.483

Cited by 36 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…One metabolic signal proposed as a possible "metabolic gate" for the onset of puberty [80] is leptin, a protein product of the ob gene released by fat cells that is thought to serve as a satiety signal regulating appetite and weight [48] as well as a regulator of energy balance and growth processes [288]. Leptin stimulates growth hormone [236] and hormones critical for reproductive function [48], while inhibiting the HPA axis [236,434].…”

Section: Body Weight Metabolism and Leptinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The adolescent brain and age-related behavioral manifestations

Spear

2000

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

4,685

110

4,301

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To successfully negotiate the developmental transition between youth and adulthood, adolescents must maneuver this often stressful period while acquiring skills necessary for independence. Certain behavioral features, including age-related increases in social behavior and risk-taking/novelty-seeking, are common among adolescents of diverse mammalian species and may aid in this process. Reduced positive incentive values from stimuli may lead adolescents to pursue new appetitive reinforcers through drug use and other risk-taking behaviors, with their relative insensitivity to drugs supporting comparatively greater per occasion use. Pubertal increases in gonadal hormones are a hallmark of adolescence, although there is little evidence for a simple association of these hormones with behavioral change during adolescence. Prominent developmental transformations are seen in prefrontal cortex and limbic brain regions of adolescents across a variety of species, alterations that include an apparent shift in the balance between mesocortical and mesolimbic dopamine systems. Developmental changes in these stressor-sensitive regions, which are critical for attributing incentive salience to drugs and other stimuli, likely contribute to the unique characteristics of adolescence. ᭧

show abstract

Section: Body Weight Metabolism and Leptinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The adolescent brain and age-related behavioral manifestations

Spear

2000

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

4,685

110

4,301

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Leptin is involved in many physiological processes such as pregnancy, pubertal and normal sexual development, and bone metabolism. It also affects immunity and is considered an insulin-sensitizing hormone [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30].…”

Section: Leptin General Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormones of adipose tissue and their biologic role in lung cancer

Ntikoudi

Kiagia

Boura

et al. 2014

Cancer Treatment Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Similarly, in ob/ob mice, lean body mass decreased by 20% as compared with control wild-type mice. It has been described that leptin, which is absent in ob/ob mice, exerts stimulatory effects on growth and development of different tissues, e.g., skeletal muscle (14,15).…”

Section: Fig 2 Effects Of Apoc1 Overexpression On Body Weight and Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection From Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Mice Overexpressing Human Apolipoprotein C1

Jong¹,

Voshol²,

Muurling³

et al. 2001

Diabetes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Apolipoprotein (APO) C1 is a 6.6-kDa protein present in plasma and associated with lipoproteins. Using hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp tests, we previously found that in APOC1 transgenic mice, the whole-body insulin-mediated glucose uptake is increased concomitant with a decreased fatty acid uptake. These latter results are confirmed in the present study, showing that APOC1 transgenic mice exhibit a 50% reduction in the uptake of the fatty acid analog 15-(p-iodophenyl)-3-(R,S)-methyl pentadecanoic acid in white adipose tissue stores. We next investigated whether APOC1 overexpression can modulate the initiation and/or development of obesity and insulin resistance. When crossbred on the genetically obese ob/ob background, APOC1 transgenic mice were fully protected from the development of obesity compared with ob/ob only mice, as reflected by a strong reduction in body weight (21 ؎ 4 vs. 44 ؎ 7 g), total adipose tissue stores (15 ؎ 3 vs. 25 ؎ 3% body wt), and average adipocyte size (7,689 ؎ 624 vs. 15,295 ؎ 1,289 m 2 ). Although less pronounced, APOC1 overexpression also reduced body weight on a wild-type background, solely due to a reduction in adipose tissue. Furthermore, despite elevated plasma free fatty acid and triglyceride levels, APOC1 overexpression significantly improved insulin sensitivity in ob/ob mice, as demonstrated by a strong reduction in plasma glucose and insulin levels, as well as a better performance in the glucose tolerance test. In conclusion, a marked reduction in the uptake of fatty acids into adipocytes may underlie the protection from obesity and insulin resistance in transgenic mice overexpressing human APOC1. Diabetes 50: 2779 -2785, 2001 T he human Apolipoprotein (APO) C1 gene is located ϳ5 kb downstream of the human APOE gene on chromosome 19 and is primarily expressed in the liver with low expression in lung, skin, and spleen (1). ApoC1 is subsequently synthesized and secreted as a 6.6-kDa protein in plasma, where it resides on chylomicrons, VLDL, and HDL (2). To elucidate the role of apoC1 in lipid metabolism, we generated transgenic mice overexpressing human APOC1 (3). Human APOC1 transgenic mice have elevated levels of plasma cholesterol and triglycerides as a result of an inhibitory action of apoC1 on VLDL uptake via hepatic receptors, in particular the LDL receptor-related protein (3,4).In addition to the increased levels of plasma cholesterol and triglycerides, APOC1 transgenic mice exhibit elevated plasma concentrations of free fatty acids (FFA) (5). These increased lipid levels are not associated with insulin resistance, because hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp studies revealed an increase in the insulin-mediated glucose uptake in APOC1 transgenic mice compared with their wild-type littermates (6). In contrast, whole-body fatty acid uptake was strongly decreased in APOC1 transgenic mice (6), which suggests that apoC1 somehow inhibits the uptake of FFA by peripheral tissues. To explore further these findings, we aimed 1) to identify the tissues in APOC1 transgenic mice e...

show abstract

Leptin as a Metabolic Regulator During Fetal and Neonatal Life and in Childhood and Adolescence

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

The adolescent brain and age-related behavioral manifestations

The adolescent brain and age-related behavioral manifestations

Hormones of adipose tissue and their biologic role in lung cancer

Protection From Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Mice Overexpressing Human Apolipoprotein C1

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About