Lepromatous leprosy with a suspected 30-year incubation period: A case report of a practically eradicated area

Jariyakulwong, Niporn; Julanon, Narachai; Saengboonmee, Charupong

doi:10.1016/j.jtumed.2021.12.005

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Additional socioeconomic factors that reflect exposure to contact tangles and increased levels of deprivation, such as urbanization and household density, have also been associated with an increased risk of leprosy detection, (Pescarini et al, 2020). Delays in diagnosing and treating leprosy and its complications can result in permanent deformities, (Ortuño-Gutiérrez et al, 2021) and social exclusion (van Hooij et al, 2021).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Flow of Social Environmental Determinants of Disabilities on Lepers in Tuban City

Rockmawati,

Aris Santjaka,

Lagiono

et al. 2023

JPK

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Background: Leprosy is a neglected tropical disease considered rare in most areas despite having a relatively high incidence in some countries. Objective: Analyze the flow of determinants of the social environment that can affect the occurrence of disability in lepers and their impacts. Method: Research using a qualitative approach. The research was conducted in Tuban Regency, East Java Province. The informant selection technique uses a purposeful sampling technique. Data analysis uses triangulation techniques. Results: The frequency of leprosy in Tuban Regency tended to decrease from 2014-2019. Leprosy distribution occurred in 18 sub-districts; Lepers were found every month in 2019 with various characteristics of lepers that cause the emergence of leprosy and disability in leprosy. The total number of informants in this study was seven informants. Determinants of disability in lepers include informant characteristics and social environment, including knowledge, contact history, family support, self-confidence, and impact. Conclusion: In this study, the social environment that most impact the occurrence of disability in lepers is the informant knowledge factor. Informant knowledge is influenced by education, a large network of friends, and technological literacy. Education will show the type of informant work, and the type of work will determine the income of the informant; income determines economic status. Economic status contributes to food intake, medication seeking, and the home's physical condition. The duration of leprosy treatment will affect the worsening of the disability if good self-care is not carried out and always use PPE when doing activities.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Flow of Social Environmental Determinants of Disabilities on Lepers in Tuban City

Rockmawati,

Aris Santjaka,

Lagiono

et al. 2023

JPK

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“…She was diagnosed on the basis of the presence of all the cardinal signs of the WHO diagnostic criteria. [ 13 ] Another case with lepromatous leprosy was seen to have an incubation period of 50 plus years. The man lived in Australia and had worked in close contact with patients with leprosy about 50 years ago and had never traveled overseas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Half a Century in Hiding: A Unique Case of Tuberculoid Leprosy with an Unprecedented Incubation Period

Rajani,

Raval,

Chitale

et al. 2023

Am J Case Rep

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Patient: Male, 78-year-old Final Diagnosis: Tuberculoid leprosy Symptoms: Painless skin lesion Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Infectious Diseases Objective: Rare disease Background: Leprosy, also known as Hansen’s disease, is a neglected tropical disease with low prevalence in the United States. The disease’s long incubation period can cause delayed presentation, and most affected individuals have a history of travel or work in leprosy-endemic regions. The immune response to Mycobacterium leprae determines the clinical characteristics of leprosy, with tuberculoid leprosy being characterized by well-defined granulomas and involvement of peripheral nerves. The recommended treatment is a combination of dapsone and rifampin for 12 months. Case Report: A 78-year-old man with a history of extensive travel to Africa and Asia 50 years ago, presented with a non-tender, non-pruritic, and hypopigmented skin lesion on his left knee. Biopsy results confirmed granulomatous inflammation and the presence of Mycobacterium leprae , leading to a diagnosis of tuberculoid/paucibacillary leprosy. The patient received dapsone and rifampin treatment, which resulted in symptom improvement. Conclusions: The patient’s long incubation period of 50 years between exposure and symptom onset is remarkable and possibly one of the longest reported for tuberculoid leprosy. It emphasizes the importance of considering leprosy in cases with an extensive travel history and long incubation periods. Our patient’s case presented contradictory staining results, suggesting potential sampling variation or a rare mixed leprosy form. Based on his clinical findings, he was diagnosed with tuberculoid leprosy. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent irreversible nerve damage and improve patient outcomes. Healthcare providers should be vigilant in acquiring a detailed travel history to facilitate early diagnosis and appropriate management of leprosy cases.

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“…13 Few cases reported improvement after taking MDT for several months which in this case showed an improvement after three months medication. 14 , 15 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13 Few cases reported improvement after taking MDT for several months which in this case showed an improvement after three months medication. 14,15 Frequent interactions with the community's sufferers also increased the likelihood that, in a few more years, leprae would strike. Contact tracing of the family member and community should be considered as a way to find more active cases and stop the spreading of the disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New cases of childhood leprosy in two male siblings in low endemic province – an <i>iceberg</i> phenomenon?

Hidajat,

Risantari,

Affarah

2023

Dermatol Reports

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Children are most vulnerable group to leprosy, cases often found in Multibacillary (MB) type. We reported children diagnosed with Morbus Hansen’s WHO-Multibacillary Lepromatous type. In children W (17-year-old), we found infiltrates in the ears, claw hand with anesthesia and multiple hypopigmented patches on the right upper extremity. In child A (13-year-old), we found infiltrates on ear, multiple irregular hypopigmented plaques on the abdomen, lumbar, gluteus and decreased sensory sensibility in almost all parts of the body. Positive acid fast bacteria was found in both patients. Regiments for multibacillary leprosy was administered with improvement seen after third month of treatment. Identified risk factors include history of close contact with leprosy patient and low socioeconomic and environmental condition.

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Lepromatous leprosy with a suspected 30-year incubation period: A case report of a practically eradicated area

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

The Flow of Social Environmental Determinants of Disabilities on Lepers in Tuban City

The Flow of Social Environmental Determinants of Disabilities on Lepers in Tuban City

Half a Century in Hiding: A Unique Case of Tuberculoid Leprosy with an Unprecedented Incubation Period

New cases of childhood leprosy in two male siblings in low endemic province – an <i>iceberg</i> phenomenon?

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