Lensless Stokes holography with the Hanbury Brown-Twiss approach

Abstract

The recording and reconstruction of the Stokes parameter is of paramount importance for the description of the vectorial interference of light. Polarization holography provides a complete vectorial wavefront, however, direct recording and reconstruction of the hologram is not possible in a situation where the object is located behind the random scattering layer. The Stokes holography plays an important role in such situations and makes use of the Fourier transform relation between the Stokes parameters (SPs) at the scattering plane and the generalized Stokes parameters (GSPs) of the random field. In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate the Stokes holography with the Hanbury Brown-Twiss (HBT) interferometer. We also propose and implement a lensless Fourier configuration for the Stokes holography. This permits us to reconstruct the wavefront from the GSPs at any arbitrary distance from the scattering plane. The application of the proposed technique is experimentally demonstrated for the 3D imaging of two different objects lying behind the random scattering medium. Depth information of the 3D objects is obtained by digitally propagating the generalized Stokes parameters to a different longitudinal distance. The quality of the reconstruction is assessed by measuring the overall visibility, efficiency, and PSNR of the reconstruction parameters.

Dynamical charge inversion of polarization correlation vortex in propagating vector speckle field

“…Speckles being random electromagnetic fields, various statistical phenomenon involving its intensity, phase, and polarization have been studied [1,3,5,6,[19][20][21][22][23]. Various statistical quantities calculated for speckle field have shown promising applications in the fundamental studies of optical singularities [24][25][26] to the advanced studies of optical holography [27][28][29] and object recognition techniques [30]. One such useful statistical tool that has promised extraordinary applications in information acquisition and data processing techniques is the Correlation function.…”

Non-invasive tracking of polarization rotation from speckle contrast using uncorrelated speckle patterns

“…The retrieval of the complex coherence function and wavefront shaping of an input beam have also been used for the retrieval of the input polarizations through different types of scattering media [22,23]. Recently, techniques based on four-shot measurement and off-axis holography have been proposed for polarization retrieval through a scattering layer [24,25]. Although the techniques mentioned in [21][22][23][24][25] have been proposed for polarization retrieval, no significant attempts seem to exist to track the polarization rotation through a scattering medium in real-time or from a single-shot intensity measurement.…”

“…Recently, techniques based on four-shot measurement and off-axis holography have been proposed for polarization retrieval through a scattering layer [24,25]. Although the techniques mentioned in [21][22][23][24][25] have been proposed for polarization retrieval, no significant attempts seem to exist to track the polarization rotation through a scattering medium in real-time or from a single-shot intensity measurement. Freund et al developed a technique, based on the principle of multiple shots and the intensity cross-correlation approach, to recover the polarization rotation from the scattered light [26].…”

“…Polarization recovery through a bulk scattering medium is possible by modulating the shape of the input wavefront [27]. Recently, different techniques based on four shot measurement and offaxis holographic approach have been proposed to retrieve different polarization vectors through a scattering layer [28,29]. Although the techniques mentioned in Refs.…”

“…Although the techniques mentioned in Refs. [25][26][27][28][29] are proposed for polarization retrieval, no significant attempts seem to exist to track the polarization rotation through a random scattering medium in real time or from a single shot intensity measurement except in Ref. [30] wherein a technique based on intensity cross-correlation is proposed to accurately track the rotation of polarization vector through a scattering medium.…”