Lenition, weaking and consonantal strenght: tracing concepts through the history of phonology

Honeybone, Patrick

doi:10.1515/9783110211443.1.9

Cited by 181 publications

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“…"). These concepts have been around since the mid-19 th century at least (Honeybone 2008), but there is often disagreement among scholars as to which contexts are strengthening and which are weakening, or which phonetic phenomena constitute one or the other of those processes. Word final devoicing in German, for example, is sometimes argued to be fortition to mark a word boundary (Iverson & Salmons 2007 as cited in Harris 2009), but much more often described as lenition (Harris 2009), perhaps as a consequence of vocal tract relaxation at the end of a unit.…”

Section: The Clustersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are numerous definitions of lenition in the literature (see Honeybone 2008, Harris 2009, and Szigetvári 2008 for discussion). Sometimes it can be described as moving toward a less marked version of the sound, sometimes as the loss of a distinctive feature (which may amount to the same thing), and sometimes it is defined, utilizing a particular sonority hierarchy, as an increase or decrease in sonority, though there is little consensus about which sounds are more sonorant than others, especially among the obstruents.…”

Section: The Clustersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in the study of Siouan languages and linguistics

Rudin¹,

Gordon²

2016

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Beyond honoring a beloved colleague, our aim in this volume is to bring a variety of issues in Siouan linguistics to the attention of the linguistic community. The Siouan language family is a large and important one, with branches geographically distributed over a broad swath of the North American plains and parts of the southeastern United States. This puts it in contact historically with several other families of languages: Algonquian, Iroquoian, Caddoan, UtoAztecan, and Muskogean. Siouan languages are, or were historically, spoken by the members of at least 25 ethnic/political groups. One Siouan language, Lakota, is among the handful of indigenous North American languages with younger speakers today. Siouan languages have occasionally risen to prominence in general linguistics, for instance in the study of reduplication (Shaw 1980); and Omaha and Crow (Apsaalooke) have lent their names to two of the basic categories of kinship systems in anthropology. Nonetheless, the Siouan family has been underrepresented in the descriptive and typological literature, and most of the languages in the family are severely understudied. The majority of work on Siouan languages is unpublished, existing only in the form of conference papers or manuscripts. 2 This volume is a step toward making information on Siouan languages more broadly available and encouraging deeper investigation of the myriad issues they raise.From the perspective of linguistic typology, Siouan languages have many notable features. Many of these features stand to challenge typological generalizations. Here we briefly sketch a few of the most characteristic features of the Siouan family.1 "Siouan" is not to be confused with "Sioux", a controversial term referring to Lakota and Dakota people, rarely to Nakota/Nakoda people too, but never correctly to people of other traditionally Siouan-language-speaking communities. 2 Many of these unpublished works are collected in the electronic Siouan Archive, maintained by John Boyle at the University of California at Riverside. PrefaceAll Siouan languages possess a rich variety of applicative affixes, confirming Polinsky's (2013) observation that applicatives are common in North America and adding another language family to her list of applicative-rich families in the area. Helmbrecht (2006) divides the applicatives into three templatic slots: locative applicatives, benefactive applicatives, and applicative markers; all of the Siouan languages sampled by Helmbrecht possess at least two applicative morphemes.All Siouan languages are strongly head-final, and the consensus among syntacticians working with Siouan languages is that all but the supraclausal projections (and even some of these) are underlyingly head-final in Siouan languages, contra Kayne's (1994) Antisymmetry theory.All Siouan languages have head-internal relative clauses. A series of strong claims regarding the typological implications of head-internal relative clauses (cf. Cole 1987; Murasugi 2000), including purported distinctions between "Japanesetype" a...

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Section: The Clustersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Clustersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the study of Siouan languages and linguistics

Rudin¹,

Gordon²

2016

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“…Brandão de Carvalho, Scheer y Ségéral (2008). El fortalecimiento/debilitamiento supone que las consonantes pueden ser comparadas en términos relativos según sean más/menos fuertes (Honeybone 2008) Según el gráfico 1 propuesto por Lass (1984: 178) la dirección del cambio de la consonante en el ejemplo (17) es de una oral fricativa (3a) a una africada (4a) en contexto intervocálico, cuya vocal precedente es anterior V[ e, i] _V (contrástese con /čo.seɬ/ chos-elh [cola-PL] 'colas'). La fricativa fortalecida a africada pasa a ocupar la posición de ataque de la sílaba.…”

Section: Fortalecimiento De Consonantesunclassified

Procesos fonológicos en el dominio de la palabra wichí (mataguaya)

Nercesian

2014

LIAMES: Ling. Indig. Am.

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Procesos fonológicos en el dominio de la palabra wichí (mataguaya)ABSTRACT: This paper aims to analyze the phonological processes which take place within the word in Wichi (Mataguayan). Derivation, inflection and composition imply the combination of morphemes and, thus, the formation of a different sequence of sounds. This triggers phonological adjustments to satisfy constraints or conditionings of different types: (i) articulatory, (ii) phonotactic (of syllabic structure), (iii) internal sandhi, (iv) semantic transparency and (v) rhythmic. The most frequent phonological processes within the word in Wichi can be classified with respect to these conditionings. As regards (i), palatalization; concerning (ii), vocalic and consonantal epenthesis; as to (iii), obstruent aspiration, sonorant devoicing and hiding of the voiceless glottal fricative. Semantic or morphotactic transparency, (iv), triggers the fortition of consonants on morphological edges. Lastly, as regards rhythmic-discursive conditioning, (v), syllabic reduction or syncope. The phonological word is the domain where phonological processes occur, but at the same time, they contribute to the formation of the word as a phonological and morphological unit satisfying the wordhood requirements of the language. KEYWORDS: Mataguayan; Wichi; Phonology; Wordhood; Phonological processes. RESUMEN:El propósito de este trabajo es presentar el análisis de distintos procesos fonológicos que ocurren dentro de la palabra en wichí (mataguaya). La derivación, la flexión y la composición implican la combinación de morfemas y, por lo tanto, la formación de una secuencia de sonidos diferente, lo que motiva reajustes fonológicos para satisfacer restricciones o condicionamientos de distintos tipos: (i) articulatorio, (ii) fonotáctico (de estructura silábica), (iii) sandhi interno, (iv) transparencia semántica y (v) rítmico. Los procesos fonológicos más frecuentes dentro de la palabra en wichí pueden agruparse según esos condicionamientos. En relación con (i), la palatalización; en relación con (ii), la epéntesis vocálica y consonántica; con (iii) la aspiración de obstruyentes, el ensordecimiento de sonorantes y el ocultamiento de la glotal fricativa sorda. La transparencia semántica o morfotáctica, (iv), motiva el fortalecimiento de consonantes en límites morfológicos. Por último, en relación con el condicionamiento rítmico-discursivo, (v), la reducción silábica o síncopa. La palabra fonológica es el domino en el que tienen lugar los procesos fonológicos, pero al mismo tiempo estos contribuyen a la formación de la palabra como unidad fonológica y morfológica cumpliendo los requisitos de la integridad léxica de la lengua.

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“…The concept of consonantal lenition has generated a range of ideas in phonological theory, as Honeybone (2008), among others, shows. There are two aspects of lenition that have been claimed to be phonologically interesting: (i) the set of phonological processes involved, and (ii) the set of environments in which those processes can or cannot occur.…”

Section: Background: Lenition and Lenition Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Splitting ‘intervocalic’: Expanding the typology of lenition environments

Bérces

Honeybone

2012

Acta Linguistica Hungarica

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The basic types of lenition environments ('initial', 'intervocalic', 'final') need to be separately evaluated as they differ along parameters like word position (e.g., pre-consonantal vs. final codas) or stress relations. This paper argues that we need to recognise an additional such parameter: the length of the vowel preceding an intervocalic consonant. We show that a number of phenomena from varieties of English and German show lenition patterns which draw a distinction between reflexes found in post-short (vc) and post-long (vvc) environments. The theoretical consequence of our observations is that phonological theory needs to be able to account for the post-short vs. post-long distinction in the form of a parametrically-determined representational difference.

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Lenition, weaking and consonantal strenght: tracing concepts through the history of phonology

Cited by 181 publications

References 0 publications

Advances in the study of Siouan languages and linguistics

Advances in the study of Siouan languages and linguistics

Procesos fonológicos en el dominio de la palabra wichí (mataguaya)

Splitting ‘intervocalic’: Expanding the typology of lenition environments

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