Length of Incubation for Enumerating Nitrifying Bacteria Present in Various Environments1

Matulewich, V A; Strom, Peter F.; Finstein, M. S.

doi:10.1128/aem.29.2.265-268.1975

Cited by 101 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…AOB within the Betaproteobacteria comprise the genera Nitrosospira and Nitrosomonas and can be divided into a total of at least seven or eight subclusters (Stephen et al, 1996;Purkhold et al, 2000Purkhold et al, , 2003. Owing to their low growth rates (Watson et al, 1989) and the difficulties involved in growing these bacteria in the laboratory, their detection by traditional culturedependent methods is time-consuming (Matulewich et al, 1975) and causes an underestimation of their diversity and abundance in the studied environment (Hiorns et al, 1995;Stephen et al, 1996). The development of culture-independent, molecular methods based on PCR or probe hybridization techniques has allowed a better insight into ammoniaoxidizing communities in both environmental and engineered systems (Hiorns et al, 1995;Mobarry et al, 1996;Kowalchuk et al, 1997;Dionisi et al, 2002;Boon et al, 2003;Harms et al, 2003;Schramm, 2003;Pynaert et al, 2004).…”

Section: Phylogeny Of Chemolithoautotrophic Ammoniaoxidizing Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies of aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria for coping with nutrient and oxygen fluctuations

Geets¹,

Boon²,

Verstraete³

2006

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

147

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In most natural environments as well as in engineered environments, such as wastewater treatment plants, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) experience fluctuating substrate concentrations. Several physiological traits, such as low maintenance energy demand and decay rate, cell-to-cell communication, cell mobility, stable enzymes and RNAs, could allow AOB to maintain themselves under unfavourable circumstances. This review examines whether AOB possess such traits and how these traits might offer advantages over competing organisms such as heterotrophic bacteria during periods of starvation. In addition, within the AOB groups, differences exist in adaptation to and competitiveness under conditions of high or low ammonia or oxygen concentrations. Because these findings are of importance with regard to the ecology and activity of AOB in natural and engineered environments, concluding remarks are directed towards future research objectives that may clarify unanswered questions, thereby contributing to the general knowledge of the ecology and activity of ammonia oxidizers.

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Section: Phylogeny Of Chemolithoautotrophic Ammoniaoxidizing Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies of aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria for coping with nutrient and oxygen fluctuations

Geets¹,

Boon²,

Verstraete³

2006

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

147

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“…Serial four-fold dilution (eight replicates) was prepared in sterile 96-well microtiter plates. After 12 weeks of incubation [4,34], positive wells were identi¢ed, where phenol red had turned yellow due to the acidifying nitri¢cation process [3]. The MPN was calculated using the iterative method described by Woomer [35].…”

Section: Mpnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of ammonia oxidizing bacteria in soil using microcolony technique combined with fluorescence in situ hybridization (MCFU–FISH)

Hesselsøe¹

2001

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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A new technique was developed for quantification of viable ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) extracted from soil. Extracted bacteria were grown to microcolony-forming units (MCFU) on membrane filters and selectively stained with 16S rDNA probes using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The MCFU^FISH technique was used to enumerate a Nitrosomonas europaea population after inoculation to soil and the indigenous AOB populations in native and N-enriched soils. A low extraction efficiency (0.3^3%) of AOB in the native soil indicated predominance of a sessile AOB cell type. In contrast, N enrichments increased extractability of AOB from soil particles. Comparing all soils, a close correlation (R 2 = 0.98) existed between extractable AOB numbers (MCFU^FISH counts) and potential ammonia oxidation activities covering more than three orders of magnitude, which indicated that MCFU^FISH counts reflected the active AOB extracted from the soil. By comparison, the correlation between AOB number estimated by the most-probable number (MPN) method and potential ammonia oxidation was considerably lower (R 2 = 0.56), suggesting that MCFU^FISH counts better reflected the number of active AOB extracted from soil. Hence, the MCFU^FISH technique seems suitable for enumeration of viable and active AOB populations in soils, as long as the extractable population of microcolony-forming AOB is above a current minimum threshold for detection of 10 3^1 0 4 MCFU g 31 dry wt. soil. ß (M. HesselsÖe).Abbreviations : MCFU, microcolony-forming unit; FISH, £uorescence in situ hybridization; AOB, ammonia oxidizing bacteria; MPN, mostprobable number FEMS Microbiology Ecology 38 (2001) 87^95 www.fems-microbiology.org

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“…Hashimoto and Hattori [18] found an incubation period of 80 days to be appropriate. Matulewich et al [19] demonstrated the existence of populations that needed an incubation period of more than 104 days. Because of evaporation of the culture liquid, we found a period of 90 days to be maximal.…”

Section: Incubation and Inoculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enumeration of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in grassland soils using a Most Probable Number technique: Effect of nitrite concentration and sampling procedure

Both¹

1990

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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SUMMARYNumbers of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria were determined in grassland soils using a Most Probable Number technique. Two concentrations of nitrite were used in the incubation medium, i.e. 0.05 and 5.0 mM. The results of the enumerations were highly dependent on the nitrite concentration as well as on the grassland soil sampled. In one soil the highest numbers were counted with 5.0 mM, whereas in other soils highest numbers were obtained in media with 0.05 mM nitrite. The spatial distribution of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria was determined in two field plots. Variation between individual samples was low in one plot and high in the other. The implications of the observed differences for the sampling procedure in each sampling plot are discussed. In the waterlogged, oxygen-limited soils, numbers of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria were as high as in the drained soils. The

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Length of Incubation for Enumerating Nitrifying Bacteria Present in Various Environments1

Cited by 101 publications

References 7 publications

Strategies of aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria for coping with nutrient and oxygen fluctuations

Strategies of aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria for coping with nutrient and oxygen fluctuations

Quantification of ammonia oxidizing bacteria in soil using microcolony technique combined with fluorescence in situ hybridization (MCFU–FISH)

Enumeration of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in grassland soils using a Most Probable Number technique: Effect of nitrite concentration and sampling procedure

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