Length of gestation and gender are associated with HLA genotypes at risk for Type 1 diabetes (Italian DIABFIN 3)

Locatelli, Mattia; Buzzetti, Raffaella; Galgani, Andrea; Montemari, Anna Lisa; Khazrai, Yeganeh Manon; Petrone, Antonio; Visalli, N; Meschi, Franco; Minicucci, L.; Lorini, Renata; Cristaldi, A; Valorani, M. G.; Bottazzo, G. F.; Pozzilli, Paolo

doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2007.02192.x

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“… and Locatelli et al . who did not find any significant associations between a high birth weight and HLA haplotypes conferring increased risk for T1D. Our results also agree with the outcome of the recent study by Sterner et al .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Birth weight in newborn infants with different diabetes‐associated HLA genotypes in three neighbouring countries: Finland, Estonia and Russian Karelia

Peet

Kool

Ilonen

et al. 2012

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…There have been also other studies looking for possible associations between HLA‐risk group and birth weight . Järvinen et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth weight in newborn infants with different diabetes‐associated HLA genotypes in three neighbouring countries: Finland, Estonia and Russian Karelia

Peet

Kool

Ilonen

et al. 2012

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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“…This may be genetically determined, but influence from other factors cannot be ruled out, such as length of pregnancy for which shorter length predisposes slightly to T1D (50, 51), and birth by caesarean section which increases the T1D risk by 23% (52). It is an attractive idea, but unknown whether low islet mass, which might be more stressful for the individual beta cell, predisposes to T1D.…”

Section: The Activity Of the Beta Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In T1D, two studies have found a slightly shorter length of pregnancy in mothers of boys who later develop the disease (143, 144). Also, higher age of the mother (143) and higher birth weight predispose for T1D with an increased risk of 6–10% (145).…”

Section: Other Factors Related To Development Of T1d That Are Difficumentioning

confidence: 99%

Type-specific human papillomavirus detection in cervical smears in Romania

Anton

Peltecu

Socolov³

et al. 2010

Apmis

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To study type 1 diabetes (T1D), excellent animal models exist, both spontaneously diabetic and virus-induced. Based on knowledge from these, this review focuses on the environmental factors leading to T1D, concentrated into four areas which are: (1) The thymus-dependent immune system: T1D is a T cell driven disease and the beta cells are destroyed in an inflammatory insulitis process. Autoimmunity is breakdown of self-tolerance and the balance between regulator T cells and aggressive effector T cells is disturbed. Inhibition of the T cells (by e.g. anti-CD3 antibody or cyclosporine) will stop the T1D process, even if initiated by virus. Theoretically, the risk from immunotherapy elicits a higher frequency of malignancy. (2) The activity of the beta cells: Resting beta cells display less antigenicity and are less sensitive to immune destruction. Beta-cell rest can be induced by giving insulin externally in metabolic doses or by administering potassium-channel openers. Both procedures prevent T1D in animal models, whereas no good human data exist due to the risk of hypoglycemia. (3) NKT cells: According to the hygiene hypothesis, stimulation of NKT cells by non-pathogen microbes gives rise to less T cell reaction and less autoimmunity. Glycolipids presented by CD1 molecules are central in this stimulation. (4) Importance of the intestine and gliadin intake: Gluten-free diet dramatically inhibits T1D in animal models, and epidemiological data are supportive of such an effect in humans. The mechanisms include less subclinical intestinal inflammation and permeability, and changed composition of bacterial flora, which can also be obtained by intake of probiotics. Gluten-free diet is difficult to implement, and short-term intake has no effect. Regarding the onset of the T1D disease process, slow-acting enterovirus and gliadin deposits are speculated to be etiological in genetically susceptible individuals, followed by the mentioned four pathogenetic factors acting in concert. Neutralization of any one of these factors is capable of stopping T1D development, as lessons are learned from the animal models.

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“…Factors which have been suggested as having an association with an altered risk of developing T1D during foetal development are preeclampsia (Jones et al 1998), maternal age, birth weight and parity (Dahlquist et al 1999), gestational length (Locatelli et al 2007), maternal diabetes and maternal smoking (Marshall et al 2004) and sex of the child (Svensson et al 2005). It has also been suggested that ethnicity can be a risk factor, with a higher incidence in those of European descent (Borchers et al 2010) which is even further increased in those of Swedish descent (Dahlquist et al 1996;Hjern and Söderström 2008).…”

Section: Potential Confoundersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal exposure to air pollution and type 1 diabetes – Accounting for genetic factors

Malmqvist

Larsson

Jönsson

et al. 2015

Environmental Research

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Maternal exposure to air pollution and type 1 diabetes -Accounting for genetic factors. Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Malmqvist, E., Larsson, H., Jönsson, I., Rignell-Hydbom, A., Ivarsson, S., Tinnerberg, H., ... Rylander, L. (2015). Maternal exposure to air pollution and type 1 diabetes -Accounting for genetic factors. Environmental Research, 140, 268-274. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal

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Length of gestation and gender are associated with HLA genotypes at risk for Type 1 diabetes (Italian DIABFIN 3)

Abstract: Length of gestation is inversely correlated with HLA risk categories for T1D. The higher the HLA risk for T1D, the shorter the gestational age, especially in male neonates.

Cited by 13 publications

References 20 publications

Birth weight in newborn infants with different diabetes‐associated HLA genotypes in three neighbouring countries: Finland, Estonia and Russian Karelia

Birth weight in newborn infants with different diabetes‐associated HLA genotypes in three neighbouring countries: Finland, Estonia and Russian Karelia

Type-specific human papillomavirus detection in cervical smears in Romania

Maternal exposure to air pollution and type 1 diabetes – Accounting for genetic factors

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