Length control of long cell protrusions: Rulers, timers and transport

Patra, Swayamshree; Chowdhury, Debashish; Jülicher, Frank

doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2022.08.002

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Conversely, several cell types such as neurons are able to extend to great lengths but only on much longer developmental timescales ( 18 ). Additionally, most cellular protrusions are often irreversible ( 13 ). One cell that stands out with both reversible and fast extensile protrusions is Vorticella , a single-celled filter feeder with a long contractile stalk ( 19 ).…”

Section: Comparative Single-cell Extensibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As opposed to passive cellular deformations ( 12 ), L. olor actively extends and retracts its necklike protrusion ( 10 ) by means of ciliary dynamics and can repeat this more than 20,000 times in its lifetime without failure. Although cells can have many different types of subcellular protrusions such as cilia, flagella, microvilli, axons, and more ( 13 ), the underlying mechanisms that produce L. olor ’s extreme morphing behavior remain unknown. Previous attempts to explain shape change in protists explored the role of shear among filaments to modulate Gaussian curvature ( 14 , 15 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Curved crease origami and topological singularities enable hyperextensibility of L. olor

Flaum,

Prakash

2024

Science

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Fundamental limits of cellular deformations, such as hyperextension of a living cell, remain poorly understood. Here, we describe how the single-celled protist Lacrymaria olor , a 40-micrometer cell, is capable of reversibly and repeatably extending its necklike protrusion up to 1200 micrometers in 30 seconds. We discovered a layered cortical cytoskeleton and membrane architecture that enables hyperextensions through the folding and unfolding of cellular-scale origami. Physical models of this curved crease origami display topological singularities, including traveling developable cones and cytoskeletal twisted domain walls, which provide geometric control of hyperextension. Our work unravels how cell geometry encodes behavior in single cells and provides inspiration for geometric control in microrobotics and deployable architectures.

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Section: Comparative Single-cell Extensibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%