Length, Body Depth, and Gape Relationships and Inference on Piscivory Among Common North American Centrarchids

Fernando, Anthony V.; Hecke, Kyler B.; Eggleton, Michael A.

doi:10.1656/058.017.0214

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The correlation coefficient of both lengths ranged from r=0.760 to 0.931. Fernando et al [23] reported that in Centrarcids, the standard length body depth relationship were generally good, with coefficient of determination R 2 =0.764-0.998.The body depth morphology in fishes was tackled by many authors from different behavioural aspects and habitat specialization [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somebody relationships in 15 populations of two Nile Cichlids in the Sudan.

2022

NSJ

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Background:The objective of this work is to quantify the body weight, body depth and standard length relationship of Oreochromis niloticus, Sarotherodon galilaeus from the Nile and its tributaries to find out the population of best traits.Methods: Fish body weight was recorded to 0.1gm using an electronic field balance. The standard length and body depth were measured using a measuring tape to the nearest cm. Results:The standard length-body weight relationship of O. niloticus and S. galilaeus 15 populations, was significant (p<0.05 top<0.001), except for S. galilaeus populations from Wad Medani and Shendi (p>0.05). The growth mode of the different populations of O. niloticus and S. galilaeus ranged from negative allometric, isometric to positive allometric.The standard length-

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somebody relationships in 15 populations of two Nile Cichlids in the Sudan.

2022

NSJ

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“…Deep body shapes have evolved many times across fishes (Price et al 2019). Characins, cichlids, and centrarchids are all groups of primarily body caudal fin swimming species that range widely along the short/deep to elongated/shallow shape spectrum (Burns and Sidlauskas 2019;Feilich 2016;Fernando et al 2018). A similar deep shallow body shape spectrum exists in coral reef fishes (Claverie and Wainwright 2014), many of which use median and paired fins for most of the slow-speed swimming (Walker and Westneat 2002).…”

Section: Live Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fish that regularly swim in high flow or over long distances tend to be more fusiform and can have higher prolonged swimming speeds (critical swimming velocity), a metric that suggests greater swimming efficiency (Costa-Pereira et al 2016;Foster et al 2015;Franssen et al 2013;Haas et al 2015;Istead et al 2015;Moody and Lozano-Vilano 2018;Rubio-Gracia et al 2020;Svozil et al 2020;Yan et al 2013). Despite this selective pressure, fish that have short, deep bodies evolved multiple times across many different clades, both in fresh and saltwater fishes (Burns and Sidlauskas 2019;Claverie and Wainwright 2014;Feilich 2016;Fernando et al 2018;Price et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the effects of body depth on fish maneuverability via robophysical models

Howe¹,

Bryant²,

Duff³

et al. 2021

Bioinspir. Biomim.

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Fish show a wide diversity of body shapes which affect many aspects of their biology, including swimming and feeding performance, and defense from predators. Deep laterally compressed bodies are particularly common, and have evolved multiple times in different families. Functional hypotheses that explain these trends include predator defense and increased maneuverability. While there is strong evidence that increasing body depth helps fish avoid gape-limited predators, the evidence that body shape increases a fish’s maneuverability is ambiguous. We used a two-pronged approach to explore the effects of body shape on the control of maneuvers using both live fish and a robotic model that allowed us to independently vary body shape. We captured ventral video of two tetra species (Gymnocorymbus ternetzi and Aphyocharax anisitsi) performing a wide range of maneuvers to confirm that both species of live fish utilize fundamentally similar body deformations to execute a turn, despite their different body depths. Both species use a propagating ‘pulse’ of midline curvature that is qualitatively similar to prior studies and displayed similar trends in the relationships between body kinematics and performance. We then tested the robotic model’s maneuverability, defined as the total heading change and maximum centripetal acceleration generated during a single pulse, at a range of different input kinematics across three body shapes. We found that deepening bodies increase the robot’s ability to change direction and centripetal acceleration, though centripetal acceleration exhibits diminishing returns beyond a certain body depth. By using a robotic model, we were able to isolate the effects of body shape on maneuverability and clarify this confounded relationship. Studying the functional morphology of complex traits such as body shape and their interaction with complex behavior like maneuverability benefits from both the broad view provided by comprehensive comparative studies, and the control of variables enabled by robophysical experiments.

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