Length and weight of very low birth weight infants in Germany at 2 years of age: does it matter at what age they start complementary food?

Spiegler, Juliane; Eisemann, Nora; Ehlers, Silke; Orlikowsky, Thorsten; Kannt, O.; Herting, Egbert; Göpel, Wolfgang

doi:10.1038/ejcn.2015.54

Cited by 19 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…They found that for each month the infants received complementary food later, the Z-score for length (cm) and weight (kg) was reduced by –0.1 at the age of 2 years, leading to the conclusion that the infants appeared to benefit from the early introduction of complementary feeding [26]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prospective observational study of Spiegler et al [26] reported growth in length and weight using Percentiles of Rosario and calculated Z-scores with a follow-up time of 24 months [27]. They found that for each month the infants received complementary food later, the Z-score for length (cm) and weight (kg) was reduced by –0.1 at the age of 2 years, leading to the conclusion that the infants appeared to benefit from the early introduction of complementary feeding [26].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spiegler et al [26] concluded that preterm infants may benefit from early introduction and Marriott et al [23] concluded that the early introduction of complementary feeding would lead to a significant greater mean rate of growth in length per week.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spiegler et al [26] showed that earlier introduction of complementary feeding was associated with increased height and weight at a post-term age of 2 years. It is worth mentioning that Spiegler et al [26] drew these conclusions based on available information of only 18% of the children of the total study population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studies by Marriott et al [23] and Morgan et al [25] are related to premature children in the intervention and the control group, born before 37 weeks gestational age. The study by Spiegler et al [26] includes a prospective cohort of extremely and very premature born children, with term children as a control group. However, our outcome of interest, the start of complementary feeding, was not compared with that of the control group of term children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Timing of Initiating Complementary Feeding in Preterm Infants and Its Effect on Overweight: A Systematic Review

et al. 2018

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Background: What is the appropriate time to start complementary feeding for preterm infants? The answer to this question is yet under debate. The timing of initiating complementary feeding may be associated with overweight in term infants. This systematic review aimed to study the effect of the timing of initiating complementary feeding on overweight in preterm infants. Predefined search items included preterm infants, complementary feeding, overweight, and their synonyms. Summary: The search identified 15,749 articles, of which 5 articles were included. Three studies presented data of randomized controlled trials and 2 studies were cohort studies. Two randomized controlled trials found no significant difference in body mass index (BMI) Z-score between the intervention groups at 12 months of age. One randomized controlled trial presented a significant greater mean rate of growth in length per week until 12 months in the preterm weaning strategy-group compared with the current best practices. One observational study concluded that each month the infants received complementary food later, the Z-score for length and weight was reduced by 0.1. Key Messages: No clear conclusion could be drawn from the included studies. This review illustrates the need for further research to access the effect of the timing of initiating complementary feeding on overweight in preterm infants.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The Timing of Initiating Complementary Feeding in Preterm Infants and Its Effect on Overweight: A Systematic Review

et al. 2018

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Current practice in the introduction of solid foods for preterm infants

Cleary

Dalton

Harman

et al. 2019

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective:The present study compared the age of first solid foods in a cohort of preterm infants with term infants and identified factors influencing timing of solid food introduction.Design:Structured interviews on infant feeding practices, growth and medical status at term equivalence and at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months corrected postnatal age. The age of solid food introduction was compared between term and preterm infants, and the influence of maternal, infant and milk feeding factors was assessed.Setting:This prospective longitudinal study recruited primary carers of preterm and term infants from a regional metropolitan referral hospital in eastern Australia.Participants:One hundred and fifty infants (preterm, n 85; term, n 65).Results:When corrected for prematurity, preterm infants received solid foods before the recommended age for the introduction of solid foods for term infants. Median introduction of solid foods for preterm infants was 14 weeks corrected age (range 12–17 weeks). This was significantly less than 19 weeks (range 17–21 weeks) for term infants (P < 0·001). Lower maternal education and male gender were associated with earlier introduction of solid foods among preterm infants.Conclusions:Preterm infants are introduced to solid foods earlier than recommended for term infants, taking account of their corrected age. Further research is needed to assess any risk or benefit associated with this pattern and thus to develop clear evidence-based feeding guidelines for preterm infants.

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Absolute or relative measures of height and weight? An Editorial

Hermanussen

2015

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Length and weight of very low birth weight infants in Germany at 2 years of age: does it matter at what age they start complementary food?

Abstract: VLBW infants are introduced to complementary food on average before a post-term age of 4 months. There was no negative effect of early introduction of complementary food on height and weight at 2 years of age.

Cited by 19 publications

References 16 publications

The Timing of Initiating Complementary Feeding in Preterm Infants and Its Effect on Overweight: A Systematic Review

The Timing of Initiating Complementary Feeding in Preterm Infants and Its Effect on Overweight: A Systematic Review

Current practice in the introduction of solid foods for preterm infants

Absolute or relative measures of height and weight? An Editorial

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