Leisure-time physical activity and sports in the Brazilian population: A social disparity analysis

Lima, Margareth Guimarães; Malta, Déborah Carvalho; Monteiro, Camila Nascimento; Sousa, Neuciani Ferreira da Silva; Stopa, Sheila Rizzato; Medina, Lhaís de Paula Barbosa

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0225940

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Walking was the most important type of NPA (71%) undertaken by women in Hermosillo, followed distantly by running and cycling. These results are consistent with the findings of other studies in Latin America (Guimarães et al, 2019;Salvo et al, 2017). These activities are performed at a very low pace and for a short time, so most women did not report a significant change in heartbeat and breathing as a result of the exertion (79.7%), and only one third exercised more than two hours per week.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Association between Neighborhood Parks and Leisure-time Physical Activity among Adult Mexican Women (Asociación entre parques de barrio y actividad física recreativa en mujeres mexicanas adultas)

García-Pérez¹,

Lara‐Valencia

2021

Retos

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Although an extensive literature in developed countries suggests that elements of the urban built environment stimulate physical activity with beneficial health effects, information about this link in developing countries is still scarce. This study examines whether women's leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) is associated with neighborhood socioeconomic status, presence of public parks, and sociodemographic and health characteristics of women living in a mid-size Mexican city. A multilevel logistic regression analysis was performed to test the association among a sample of adult women (N=1,285) in Hermosillo, Mexico. The analysis links two measures of LTPA to several metrics on park accessibility and neighborhood socioeconomic status. Twenty-two percent of women engaged in neighborhood-based physical activity (NPA), while 29% engaged in overall physical activity (OPA). After adjusting by neighborhood socioeconomic status and individual-level variables, parks density, park-to-people ratio, combined parks' service areas, or distance to the nearest park were not related with NPA and OPA. Neighborhood socioeconomic status was the only contextual variable with a significant influence on women's NPA (AOR 1.05; 95% CI 0.99-1.10) and OPA (AOR=1.06; 95% CI 1.01, 1.12). After controlling for neighborhood-level variables, women's age and education were also statistically associated with physical activity. Based on the indicators used in this study, findings do not support a connection between the presence of parks and women's physical activity in Hermosillo's neighborhoods. Resumen. Aunque numerosos estudios en países desarrollados sugieren que algunos elementos del ambiente urbano construido estimulan la actividad física, con efectos benéficos sobre la salud, el estudio de esta relación sigue siendo escasa en países en desarrollo. Este estudio examina la asociación entre la actividad física recreativa (AFR), y el estatus socioeconómico del barrio, la presencia de parques públicos, y las características sociodemográficas y de salud de mujeres residentes de una ciudad mexicana de tamaño medio. El análisis usa una regresión logística multinivel para probar esta relación en una muestra de mujeres adultas (n=1,285) en Hermosillo, México. El análisis relaciona dos medidas de AFR con indicadores de accesibilidad a parques y el estatus socioeconómico del barrio. Veintidós por ciento de las mujeres realizaron actividad física en su barrio (NPA), mientras que 29% realizó actividad física general (OPA). Después de controlar el estatus socioeconómico del barrio y variables individuales, la densidad de parques, la razón parque-individuo, la suma de las áreas de servicio de los parques, y la distancia al parque más cercano, no estuvieron asociados con NPA y OPA. El estatus socioeconómico del barrio fue la única variable a nivel contextual asociada con NPA (AOR 1.05; 95% CI 0.99-1.10) y OPA (AOR=1.06; 95% CI 1.01, 1.12). Luego de controlar las variables de contexto, la edad y la educación de las mujeres estuvieron asociadas con la AFR. Conforme a los indicadores utilizados, los resultados no confirman una asociación entre la presencia de parques de barrio y AFR entre mujeres residentes de Hermosillo.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Association between Neighborhood Parks and Leisure-time Physical Activity among Adult Mexican Women (Asociación entre parques de barrio y actividad física recreativa en mujeres mexicanas adultas)

García-Pérez¹,

Lara‐Valencia

2021

Retos

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“…One study has found that the basic infrastructure of essential services can influence both income distribution and health perception in the investigated neighborhood [ 36 ]. Studies have also found an association between social inequality, exercising [ 37 ], access to and intake of food among Brazilians [ 38 ]. Socially disadvantaged individuals were the most underprivileged in these aspects [ 37 , 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have also found an association between social inequality, exercising [ 37 ], access to and intake of food among Brazilians [ 38 ]. Socially disadvantaged individuals were the most underprivileged in these aspects [ 37 , 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social inequalities in the surrounding areas of food deserts and food swamps in a Brazilian metropolis

Honório

Pessoa

Gratão

et al. 2021

Int J Equity Health

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Background Food deserts are neighborhoods with little or no access to healthy food, whereas food swamps are neighborhoods where unhealthy food options prevail over healthy ones. The main aims of the current study are to feature and compare the neighborhoods of food deserts and food swamps based on social inequality. Methods Ecological study carried out in Belo Horizonte City, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Information about commercial food establishments derived from two different databases. It was measured by secondary governmental databases, which were virtually conferred in the present study. Census tracts were considered as analysis units and classified as food deserts and food swamps, based on the Brazilian methodology. Take into consideration the density of establishments classified as selling fresh or minimally-processed food, mixed establishments, and establishments selling ultra-processed food. The Brazilian methodology evaluates food deserts by the density of healthy establishments (establishments classified as mostly selling fresh or minimally-processed food and mixed establishments) per 10 thousand inhabitants. And the metric to evaluate food swamps considers the density of unhealthy establishments (establishments mostly selling ultra-processed food) per 10 thousand inhabitants. Information about social inequalities comprised aspects such as income, population count, number of households, number of literate individuals, race, water and energy supply, and garbage collection. The Health Vulnerability Index (HVI) was used as a synthetic social vulnerability indicator. Results Neighborhoods of food deserts presented worse essential service availability, lower income per capita, and smaller mean number of literate individuals. Census tracts classified as food swamps presented better socio-demographic conditions than those areas food deserts. Neighborhoods simultaneously classified as food deserts and food swamps presented lower income per capita and were more often observed in census sectors presenting medium and high HVI. Conclusion The food environment in Belo Horizonte was featured by the strong presence of food deserts and food swamps. However, the potential influence of these areas on food intake has changed depending on social inequalities.

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“…It is known that less favorable economic conditions can hinder access to the practice of LTPA. Furthermore, skin color can be related not only to economic conditions but also to other aspects that may contribute to LTPA disparities, such as aspects related to segregation [ 42 ]. Also, data from the National Health Survey of Brazil showed that less healthy habits are associated with non-white skin color [ 43 , 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological and socioeconomic factors as moderator in relationship between leisure-time physical activity and cardiometabolic risk in adolescents from southern Brazil

Sehn

Tornquist

et al. 2021

Environ Health Prev Med

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Background Given the important repercussions that sociodemographic factors can have on physical activity, especially in the field of leisure, and cardiometabolic risk, it seems relevant to analyze the implications of these variables on the relationship between physical activity in leisure time (LTPA) and cardiometabolic risk. In this sense, the present study aims to verify the moderating role of biologic and socioeconomic factors in the relationship between LTPA and cardiometabolic risk in adolescents in southern Brazil. Methods Cross-sectional study that included 1596 adolescents selected at random (58.2% girls), aged between 10 and 17 years. LTPA, biological and socioeconomic factors were assessed using a self-reported questionnaire and the cardiometabolic risk score (total cholesterol/HDL-c ratio, triglycerides, fasting glucose, systolic blood pressure, and waist circumference, considering the participant’s age and sex) was included as an outcome. Associations and moderations were tested by multiple linear regression models. Results It was observed a positive interaction of LTPA and sex (p = 0.048) and LTPA and school system (p = 0.037), and negative interaction of LTPA and skin color (p = 0.040), indicating that these factors were moderators in the relationship between LTPA and clustered cardiometabolic risk score (cMetS) in adolescents. A reduction in cardiometabolic risk was observed according to the increase in weekly minutes of LTPA among boys, non-white adolescents, and students from municipal schools. Conclusions The association between LTPA and cardiometabolic risk was moderated by sex, skin color, and school system in adolescents from southern Brazil.

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Leisure-time physical activity and sports in the Brazilian population: A social disparity analysis

Cited by 24 publications

References 35 publications

Association between Neighborhood Parks and Leisure-time Physical Activity among Adult Mexican Women (Asociación entre parques de barrio y actividad física recreativa en mujeres mexicanas adultas)

Association between Neighborhood Parks and Leisure-time Physical Activity among Adult Mexican Women (Asociación entre parques de barrio y actividad física recreativa en mujeres mexicanas adultas)

Social inequalities in the surrounding areas of food deserts and food swamps in a Brazilian metropolis

Biological and socioeconomic factors as moderator in relationship between leisure-time physical activity and cardiometabolic risk in adolescents from southern Brazil

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